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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Morphology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Morphology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Морфология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1026-3543</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-2556</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">104468</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/1026-3543-2021-159-1-5-12</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Autophagy as a life support marker of isolated hepatocytes</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Аутофагия как маркер жизнеобеспечения изолированных гепатоцитов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4507-093X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3126-6079</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bgatova</surname><given-names>Nataliya P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бгатова</surname><given-names>Наталия Петровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Prof.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.биол.н.; профессор</p></bio><email>nataliya.bgatova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5241-1926</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3723-1316</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dossymbekova</surname><given-names>Raushan S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Досымбекова</surname><given-names>Раушан Сарсенбаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KZ">Kazakhstan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Biol.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.биол.н.</p></bio><email>dos.raushan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2812-2574</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7154-4540</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Taskaeva</surname><given-names>Julia S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таскаева</surname><given-names>Юлия Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>inabrite@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6740-8241</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6147-2989</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Miroshnichenko</surname><given-names>Svetlana M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирошниченко</surname><given-names>Светлана Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>svmiro@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2678-8783</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7401-5637</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Knyazev</surname><given-names>Roman A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Князев</surname><given-names>Роман Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. биол. н.</p></bio><email>knjazev_roman@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7740-8456</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5351-2406</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovieva</surname><given-names>Anastasia O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьёва</surname><given-names>Анастасия Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. биол. н.</p></bio><email>solovevaao@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5946-5521</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1085-4647</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharipov</surname><given-names>Kamalidin O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарипов</surname><given-names>Камалидин Орынбаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KZ">Kazakhstan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Prof.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. биол. н., профессор</p></bio><email>skamalidin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4432-0658</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6045-6416</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tungushbaeva</surname><given-names>Zina B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тунгушбаева</surname><given-names>Зина Байбагусовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KZ">Kazakhstan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Prof.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. биол. н., профессор;</p></bio><email>alua2002@yandex.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт клинической и экспериментальной лимфологии – филиал «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики СО РАН»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казахский национальный медицинский университет им. С.Д. Асфендиярова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Biochemistry Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт биохимии Федерального Исследовательского центра Фундаментальной и трансляционной медицины</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abai</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казахский национальный педагогический университет им. Абая</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-01-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>159</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-03-05"><day>05</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-03-05"><day>05</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Bgatova N.P., Dossymbekova R.S., Taskaeva J.S., Miroshnichenko S.M., Knyazev R.A., Solovieva A.O., Sharipov K.O., Tungushbaeva Z.B.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Бгатова Н.П., Досымбекова Р.С., Таскаева Ю.С., Мирошниченко С.М., Князев Р.А., Соловьёва А.О., Шарипов К.О., Тунгушбаева З.Б.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bgatova N.P., Dossymbekova R.S., Taskaeva J.S., Miroshnichenko S.M., Knyazev R.A., Solovieva A.O., Sharipov K.O., Tungushbaeva Z.B.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бгатова Н.П., Досымбекова Р.С., Таскаева Ю.С., Мирошниченко С.М., Князев Р.А., Соловьёва А.О., Шарипов К.О., Тунгушбаева З.Б.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/104468">https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/104468</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>AIM:</italic> The work aimed to reveal structural signs of autophagy in the cytoplasm of isolated hepatocytes in the dynamics of their cultivation.</p> <p><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</italic> The cultivated hepatocyte culture cell cycle was studied by flow cytofluorometry. The cells were cultured for 1, 24, and 48 hours. Morphometric analysis was performed using of the computer program Image J. The diameters of the nuclei and cytoplasm of hepatocytes, the volumes of nuclei and cytoplasm, and the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio were determined. The concentration of intracellular organelles and autophagy was evaluated with magnification by 30000 times.</p> <p><italic>RESULTS:</italic> The cell cycle arrest in the G<sub>0</sub>/G<sub>1</sub> stage after 24 hours of hepatocyte cultivation and the preservation of their viability by hour 48 of the experiment without increase in the percentage of cells in the apoptosis stage were revealed. The decrease in the absolute count of cells was registered, as well as an increase in the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio indicating a decrease in the proportion of hepatocyte cytoplasm in the course of cultivation. After 24 hours of cultivation, autophagosomes with fragments of cytoplasm, glycogen rosettes, and autolysosomes with partially degraded material were revealed in the cell cytoplasm. By hour 48 of the study, a significant decrease in the volume density of glycogen and mitochondria was noted, as well as an increase in basal autophagy in hepatocytes, with a prevalence of glycophagy and mitophagy.</p> <p><italic>CONCLUSIONS: </italic>Autophagy maintains cellular homeostasis of isolated hepatocytes under standard culture conditions, as evidenced by a decrease in the volume density of glycogen and mitochondria, and an increase in basal autophagy in the hepatocyte cytoplasm. The findings indicate the contribution of autophagy to the survival of the primary culture of hepatocytes and can be used as an indicator of the adequacy of culturing conditions.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Цель.</italic> Выявить структурные признаки аутофагии в цитоплазме изолированных гепатоцитов в динамике их культивирования.</p> <p><italic>Материал и методы.</italic> Для анализа клеточного цикла культивированных гепатоцитов использовали метод проточной цитофлуориметрии. Клетки культивировали в течение 1, 24 и 48 ч. Морфометрический анализ проводили с помощью компьютерной программы Image J. Определяли диаметры ядер и цитоплазмы гепатоцитов, объёмы ядер и цитоплазмы, ядерно-цитоплазматическое соотношение. Концентрацию внутриклеточных органелл и аутофагию оценивали при увеличении ×30000.</p> <p><italic>Результаты.</italic> Выявлена остановка клеточного цикла в стадии G<sub>0</sub>/G<sub>1</sub> через 24 ч культивирования гепатоцитов и сохранение их жизнеспособности к 48 ч эксперимента без повышения процента клеток в стадии апоптоза. Показано уменьшение абсолютного объёма клеток, возрастание ядерно-цитоплазматического соотношения, отражающее снижение доли цитоплазмы гепатоцитов в динамике культивирования. Через 24 ч культивирования выявлено наличие в цитоплазме клеток аутофагосом с фрагментами цитоплазмы, розеток гликогена и аутолизосом с частично деградированным материалом. К 48 ч исследования отмечено достоверное снижение объёмной плотности гликогена и митохондрий, а также повышение базальной аутофагии в гепатоцитах, с преобладанием гликофагии и митофагии.</p> <p><italic>Выводы.</italic> Аутофагия способствует поддержанию клеточного гомеостаза изолированных гепатоцитов при стандартных условиях культивирования, что подтверждается снижением объёмной плотности гликогена и митохондрий, и возрастанием базальной аутофагии в цитоплазме гепатоцитов. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о вкладе аутофагии в процесс выживания первичной культуры гепатоцитов и могут быть использованы как показатель адекватности условий культивирования.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>isolated hepatocytes</kwd><kwd>cell cycle</kwd><kwd>basal autophagy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>изолированные гепатоциты</kwd><kwd>клеточный цикл</kwd><kwd>базальная аутофагия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственное задание</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">The state assignment</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>NFWNR-2022-00120045</award-id></award-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was financed from budget under the state assignment No. NFWNR-2022-00120045.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счет бюджетного финансирования в рамках государственного задания № NFWNR-2022-00120045.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ogoke O, Oluwole J, Parashurama N. 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