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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Morphology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Morphology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Морфология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1026-3543</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-2556</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">111965</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/morph.111965</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The effect of passive smoking on the structure of hepatocytes and the state of the microcirculatory bed in the liver in rats</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние пассивного курения на структуру гепатоцитов и состояние микроциркуляторного русла в печени крыс</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8930-5537</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5905-5397</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyshev</surname><given-names>Igor I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малышев</surname><given-names>Игорь Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>malichev_med@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3259-3691</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5084-1379</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobeva</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьева</surname><given-names>Ольга Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент</p></bio><email>olavorobeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0556-8490</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7016-7283</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanova</surname><given-names>Lyubov P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романова</surname><given-names>Любовь Петровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Biol), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., доцент</p></bio><email>samung2008@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Mari State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Марийский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Chuvash State University named after I.N. Ulyanova</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Чувашский государственный университет им. И.Н. Ульянова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-01-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-01-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>160</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>63</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-10-18"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-12-05"><day>05</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/111965">https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/111965</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND:</italic></bold> Smoking is an important societal problem that greatly threatens the health of the population.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIMS: </italic></bold>To study the effect of smoking on the hepatobiliary system of rats.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</italic></bold> We used 46 outbred white male rats. The control group comprised intact animals (<italic>n</italic>=10). The experimental rats in groups 1 (<italic>n</italic>=12), 2 (<italic>n</italic>=12), and 3 (<italic>n</italic>=12) were exposed to an atmosphere of tobacco smoke for 7, 14, and 21 days, respectively.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS:</italic></bold> The greatest changes in the liver were noted in the third group. Small foci of necrosis were detected, around which a perifocal inflammatory reaction occurred. Signs of hydropic dystrophy and the presence of acidophilic lumps around the nuclei and thrombotic masses in the vessels were found. Signs of the capillaryization of the sinusoids were revealed. In all experimental groups, the number of cells up to 10 µm in diameter significantly increased. The percentage of cells with a diameter of up to 10–20 µm increased in the central zone in group 1; that in group 2 increased by 3 and 2.6 times in the central and peripheral zones, respectively; and that in group 3 increased by 3.4 and 2.8 times in the central and peripheral zones, respectively (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001). The number of cells with a diameter of up to 20–30 µm decreased in group 1, that in in group 2 decreased by 1.9 and 1.5 times in the central and peripheral zones, respectively; and that in group 3 decreased by 2.7 and 2.0 times in the central and peripheral zones, respectively (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001). The number of cells with a diameter of more than 30 had changed and showed the greatest changes in the peripheral zones: that in groups 1 and 2 decreased by 2.7 times, and that in group 3 decreased by 2.9 times.</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSIONS:</italic></bold> Under tobacco smoke intoxication in rats, dystrophic and necrobiotic changes occurred in the liver, the number of binuclear cells decreased, the number of normal hepatocytes with a diameter of 20–30 μm decreased, and the percentage of cells with diameters of up to 10 and 10–20 μm increased.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Обоснование.</italic></bold> Курение рассматривается как один из факторов, неблагоприятно влияющих на здоровье.</p> <p><bold><italic>Цель</italic></bold> — изучить влияние пассивного курения табака на структурную организацию гепатоцитов у крыс.</p> <p><bold><italic>Материалы и методы.</italic></bold> В эксперименте участвовали 46 беспородных белых крыс-самцов. Контрольная группа: интактные животные (<italic>n</italic>=10). Опытные крысы: группа 1 (<italic>n</italic>=12) — животные находились в атмосфере табачного дыма 7 дней, группа 2 (<italic>n</italic>=12) — 14 дней, группа 3 (<italic>n</italic>=12) — 21 день.</p> <p><bold><italic>Результаты.</italic></bold> Наибольшие изменения в печени отмечались у животных группы 3: мелкие очаги некроза, вокруг которых развивалась перифокальная воспалительная реакция. Наблюдались признаки вакуольной дистрофии и наличия ацидофильных глыбок вокруг ядер, тромботические массы в сосудах. Выявлялись признаки капилляризации синусоидов.</p> <p>Во всех опытных группах значимо увеличилось число клеток диаметром до 10 мкм. У животных в группе 1 в центральных зонах долек печени (ЦЗДП) наблюдалась тенденция к увеличению процентного содержания клеток диаметром до 10–20 мкм. В группе 2 их процентное содержание повысилось в 3 раза в ЦЗДП и в 2,6 раза — в периферических зонах долек печени (ПЗДП); в группе 3 — увеличилось в 3,4 раза в ЦЗДП и в 2,8 раза — в ПЗДП (<italic>р</italic> &lt;0,001).</p> <p>Относительное количество клеток диаметром до 20–30 мкм в группе 1 уменьшилось в 1,2 раза; в группе 2 в ЦЗДП — в 1,9 раза, в ПЗДП — в 1,5 раза; в группе 3 — в 2,7 раза, в ПЗДП — в 2,0 раза (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0,001).</p> <p>В группах 1 и 2 в ПЗДП уменьшалось процентное содержание клеток диаметром более 30 мкм в 2,7 раза, в группе 3 — в 2,9 раза.</p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение.</italic></bold> При интоксикации табачным дымом в печени крыс отмечены дистрофические и некробиотические изменения, включающие снижение числа двуядерных клеток, нормальных гепатоцитов диаметром 20–30 мкм, а также увеличение относительного количества клеток диаметром до 10 и 10–20 мкм.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>smoking</kwd><kwd>binuclear cells</kwd><kwd>necrosis</kwd><kwd>liver</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>курение</kwd><kwd>двуядерные клетки</kwd><kwd>некроз</kwd><kwd>печень</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The top 10 causes of death. 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