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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Morphology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Morphology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Морфология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1026-3543</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-2556</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">398566</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/morph.398566</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">HUMAN PLACENTA STRUCTURE IN II AND III TRIMESTERS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL PREGNANCY</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>СТРОЕНИЕ ПЛАЦЕНТЫ ЧЕЛОВЕКА ВО II И III ТРИМЕСТРАХ БЕРЕМЕННОСТИ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Milovanov</surname><given-names>Andrey Petrovich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милованов</surname><given-names>Андрей Петрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаборатория патологии женской репродуктивной системы; Научно-исследовательский институт морфологии человека РАМН</p></bio><email>a_p_milovanov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Erofeeva</surname><given-names>Lyudmila Mikhaylovna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерофеева</surname><given-names>Людмила Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра гистологии, эмбриологии, цитологии; Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleksandrovich</surname><given-names>Natal'ya Viktorovna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Александрович</surname><given-names>Наталья Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра гистологии, эмбриологии, цитологии; Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zolotukhina</surname><given-names>Irina Alekseevna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Золотухина</surname><given-names>Ирина Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра гистологии, эмбриологии, цитологии; Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Milovanov</surname><given-names>A P</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yerofeyeva</surname><given-names>L M</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Aleksandrovich</surname><given-names>N V</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zolotukhina</surname><given-names>I A</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт морфологии человека РАМН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff id="aff3"><institution></institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2012-12-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>12</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>142</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO5 (2012)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№5 (2012)</issue-title><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-05-09"><day>09</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2012, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2012, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/398566">https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/398566</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The placenta of 20 women with normal pregnancy was studied during II and III trimesters to obtain the complex characteristic of the structures participating in the formation of syncytio-capillary membranes. Immunocytochemical endothelial cell marker CD34 and morphometry were used for the assessment of some villous parameters: villous area, villous stromal area, villous epithelial area and vascular endothelium area. The main attention was given to the remodeling of the villous epithelium and capillary network. The significant reduction of the epithelial area and that of the villous stroma was detected simultaneously with intensive their vascularization. Morpho-functionally, most of the terminal villi were specialized, containing sinusoid-type capillaries which were in close contact with attenuated, anuclea regions of syncytiotrophoblast. The proportion of terminal villous endothelium in respect to the stroma was significantly increased. Thus, in II and III trimesters of physiological pregnancy the structural changes take place in the placenta, in particular, the capillaries are transformed into thin-walled sinusoids, that approach and closely interact with syncytiotrophoblast resulting in the formation of the syncytio-capillary membranes necessary for an adequate diffusion and meeting the growing needs of the fetus.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Плацента 20 женщин с нормально протекающей беременностью изучена в течение II и III триместров для комплексной характеристики структур, участвующих в формировании синцитио-капиллярных мембран. Использованы иммуноцитохимический маркер эндотелиоцитов CD34 и морфометрический метод для оценки ряда показателей ворсин: площади сечения ворсин, их стромы, эпителия и эндотелия сосудов. Основное внимание было уделено перестройке эпителия ворсин и капиллярной сети. Обнаружено значимое уменьшение площади, занимаемой эпителием и стромой ворсин, при их интенсивной васкуляризации. Морфофункционально большинство терминальных ворсин - специализированные, с капиллярами синусоидного типа, тесно контактирующими с истонченными, безъядерными участками синцитиотрофобласта. Доля эндотелия терминальных ворсин по отношению к строме значимо возрастала. Таким образом, во II и III триместрах физиологической беременности происходят структурные изменения плаценты, в частности, трансформация капилляров в тонкостенные синусоиды, приближение и тесное их взаимодействие с синцитиотрофобластом и формирование синцитио-капиллярных мембран, необходимых для полноценной диффузии и обеспечения возрастающих потребностей плода.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human placenta</kwd><kwd>villous epithelium</kwd><kwd>villous stroma</kwd><kwd>syncytio-capillary membranes</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>плацента человека</kwd><kwd>эпителий ворсин</kwd><kwd>капилляры ворсин</kwd><kwd>синцитио-капиллярные мембраны</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Милованов А. П. Патология системы мать - плацента - плод. М., Медицина, 1999.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Милованов А. П., Ерофеева Л. М., Золотухина И. 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