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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Morphology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Morphology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Морфология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1026-3543</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-2556</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">532709</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/morph.532709</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Morphological features of basal laminas of enteral nervous system structures in chronic slow transit constipation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Морфологические особенности базальных мембран структур энтеральной нервной системы при хроническом медленно-транзитном запоре</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4859-6766</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2569-9148</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chumasov</surname><given-names>Evgenii I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чумасов</surname><given-names>Евгений Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биол. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>ua1ct@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1405-7660</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2571-9603</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maistrenko</surname><given-names>Nicolay A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Майстренко</surname><given-names>Николай Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН</p></bio><email>nik.m.47@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8918-1730</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3850-1792</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Romashchenko</surname><given-names>Pavel N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ромащенко</surname><given-names>Павел Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Associate Member of Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН</p></bio><email>romashchenko@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4002-6913</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1969-3264</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Samedov</surname><given-names>Vadim B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самедов</surname><given-names>Вадим Бейбалаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>samedov07@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0972-8658</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3973-1421</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>Elena S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Елена Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci (Biol.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук</p></bio><email>iemmorphol@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2456-8165</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3252-3029</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Korzhevskii</surname><given-names>Dmitry E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коржевский</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Эдуардович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор РАН</p></bio><email>iemmorphol@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Experimental Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт экспериментальной медицины</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет ветеринарной медицины</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Военно-медицинская академия имени С. М. Кирова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-10-06" publication-format="electronic"><day>06</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>160</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>225</fpage><lpage>238</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-07-07"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-09-20"><day>20</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Chumasov E.I., Maistrenko N.A., Romashchenko P.N., Samedov V.B., Petrova E.S., Korzhevskii D.E.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Чумасов Е.И., Майстренко Н.А., Ромащенко П.Н., Самедов В.Б., Петрова Е.С., Коржевский Д.Э.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chumasov E.I., Maistrenko N.A., Romashchenko P.N., Samedov V.B., Petrova E.S., Korzhevskii D.E.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чумасов Е.И., Майстренко Н.А., Ромащенко П.Н., Самедов В.Б., Петрова Е.С., Коржевский Д.Э.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2025-10-15"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/532709">https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/532709</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND</italic></bold><bold><italic>:</italic></bold> Studies on basal laminas in the tissues of the enteric nervous system are few and are carried out on experimental models <italic>in</italic> <italic>vivo</italic> and <italic>in</italic> <italic>vitro</italic>, performed on animals. The morphological features of the structure and localization of BL, their cellular sources of origin in various tissues of the gastrointestinal tract in normal and pathological conditions remain poorly studied.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIM</italic></bold><bold><italic>:</italic></bold> Study of morphological features and distribution of basal laminas in human colon tissues and their changes in pathology.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS</italic></bold> <bold><italic>AND</italic></bold> <bold><italic>METHODS</italic></bold><bold><italic>:</italic></bold> Fragments of the large intestine, obtained as a result of surgery for chronic slow-transit constipation, performed in S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy were studied. The selective marker of basal laminas, type IV collagen, as well as neuronal and glial immunohistochemical markers (PGP 9.5, GFAP, S100â proteins) were used in the work</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS</italic></bold><bold><italic>:</italic></bold> It has been shown that the greatest immunoreactivity within the intestinal wall is observed in the myenteric membrane, weak — in the vessels of the submucosa, locally expressed — in the subepithelial region of the mucous membrane (in the upper sections of the crypts). In smooth muscle, basal laminas were found around the smooth muscle cells of the longitudinal and concentric layers of the muscular membrane, mucous membrane, veins and arteries, as well as in the endothelium. It has been shown that the ganglionic Auerbach’s plexus is delimited from closely adjacent muscle layers of a continuous basal lamina, similar to the basal plate (glia limitans) of the brain and spinal cord of the CNS. It is clearly defined by its appearance — it has the form of a continuous hollow tubular structure. The sources of the formation of the basal plate around the ganglia of Auerbach and Meissner’s plexuses are various glial elements: in the first plexus, astrocyte-like and non-myelinated Schwann cells (both types located in the neuropil), and in the second plexus, glia of the autonomic nervous system (satellite cells of neurons and neurolemmocytes of postganglionic nerve fibers).</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSIONS</italic></bold><bold><italic>: </italic></bold>For the first time, the transition of basal lamina from the Auerbach’s plexus to numerous basal plates of neurolemmocytes of the Remakov fibers of the main terminal nerve plexus, which are involved in the innervation of the smooth muscle cells of the muscular membrane, is shown. Signs of dystrophic changes in the basal lamina structure associated with pathological changes in chronic slow transit constipation (tissue edema, inflammatory reactions, manifestations of agangliosis, gliosis, focal denervation of muscle cells, degeneration of nerve endings of neuromuscular and ganglionic plexuses) are shown in the work.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Исследования, посвящённые базальным мембранам в тканях энтеральной нервной системы, немногочисленны, проводятся на экспериментальных моделях <italic>in</italic> <italic>viv</italic><italic>о</italic> и <italic>in</italic> <italic>vitro</italic> и выполнены на животных. Недостаточно изученными остаются особенности строения и локализации базальных мембран, их клеточные источники в различных тканях ЖКТ в норме и при патологии.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> — исследование особенностей строения и распределения базальных мембран в тканях стенки толстой кишки человека и их изменений при хроническом медленно-транзитном запоре.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и</bold> <bold>методы.</bold> Изучены фрагменты сигмовидной ободочной кишки, полученные в результате выполненного в Военно-медицинской академии имени С.М. Кирова оперативного вмешательства по поводу хронического медленно-транзитного запора. В работе применяли селективный маркёр — коллаген IV типа, а также нейрональные и глиальные иммуногистохимические маркёры (белки PGP 9.5, GFAP, S100â).</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Показано, что наивысшая степень коллаген IV-иммунореактивности в пределах стенки кишки наблюдается в мышечной оболочке, слабая — в сосудистом сплетении подслизистой основы, локально выраженная — в субэпителиальной области слизистой оболочки (в верхних отделах крипт). В гладкомышечной мускулатуре базальные мембраны выявлены вокруг гладких миоцитов продольного и кругового слоёв мышечной оболочки, в собственной мышечной пластинке слизистой оболочки, вен и артерий сосудистого сплетения, а также в эндотелии. Показано, что ганглиозное Ауэрбахово (межмышечное) сплетение отграничено от тесно прилежащих мышечных слоёв выраженной непрерывной базальной мембраной, сходной с базальной пластинкой (glia limitans) головного и спинного мозга ЦНС. Мембрана отчётливо определятся по внешнему виду: имеет форму непрерывной полой трубчатой структуры с неравномерным диаметром. Источниками образования базальной пластинки вокруг ганглиев Ауэрбахова и Мейсснерова сплетений служат различные глиальные элементы: в первом сплетении — астроцитоподобные и безмиелиновые шванновские клетки (оба вида находятся в нейропиле), а во втором — глия автономной нервной системы (клетки-сателлиты нейронов и нейролеммоциты постганглионарных нервных волокон).</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Впервые продемонстрирован переход базальной мембраны (базальной пластинки) с Ауэрбахова сплетения в многочисленные базальные мембраны нейролеммоцитов ремаковских волокон основного терминального нервного сплетения, участвующих в иннервации гладких миоцитов мышечной оболочки. В работе установлены признаки дистрофических изменений структуры базальных мембран, связанные с патологическими изменениями при хроническом медленно-транзитном запоре: отёком тканей, воспалительными реакциями, проявлениями аганглиоза, глиоза, очаговой денервации мышечных клеток, дегенерации нервных окончаний в составе сплетений.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>basal lamins</kwd><kwd>colon wall tissues</kwd><kwd>chronic slow transit constipation</kwd><kwd>collagen IV</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemical methods</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>базальные мембраны</kwd><kwd>ткани стенки кишки</kwd><kwd>хронический медленно-транзитный запор</kwd><kwd>коллаген IV</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимические методы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Töpfer U. Basement membrane dynamics and mechanics in tissue morphogenesis. 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