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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Morphology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Morphology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Морфология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1026-3543</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-2556</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">624118</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/morph.624118</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Distribution of vimentin in the human pancreatic islets in type 2 diabetes mellitus</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Распределение виментина в панкреатических островках при сахарном диабете 2 типа</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9692-3616</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4653-9661</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivova</surname><given-names>Yuliya S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кривова</surname><given-names>Юлия Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><email>homulkina@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0515-8275</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8899-5104</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Proshchina</surname><given-names>Alexandra E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прощина</surname><given-names>Александра Евгеньевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук</p></bio><email>proshchina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6719-3383</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7593-4951</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Otlyga</surname><given-names>Dmitri A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Отлыга</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>otlyga@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1447-7198</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2079-6351</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Saveliev</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савельев</surname><given-names>Сергей Вячеславович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>braincase@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт морфологии человека имени академика А.П. Авцына Российского научного центра хирургии имени академика Б.В. Петровского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт морфологии человека имени академика А.П. Авцына Российского научного центра хирургии имени академика Б.В. Петровского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-03-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-07-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>161</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-11-30"><day>30</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-01-15"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-07-15"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/624118">https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/624118</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> The expression of vimentin, an intermediate filament protein, has been detected in pancreatic islet cells of individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Some studies have suggested that vimentin is expressed in differentiating β-cells during the restoration of their mass in diabetes. According to an alternative hypothesis, vimentin activation occurs in β-cells undergoing dedifferentiation and reprogramming into α-cells leading to a decrease in β-cell mass and T2D development. However, no studies have simultaneously evaluated the distribution of vimentin and alterations in the endocrine pancreas in T2D.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> The study aimed to compare the distribution of vimentin in the human pancreatic islets with the characteristics of the endocrine pancreas in T2D and in the absence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</bold> Pancreatic autopsy samples from 13 individuals with T2D and 9 without carbohydrate metabolism disorders (comparison group) were investigated using double immunofluorescent staining with antibodies to vimentin and either insulin or glucagon. Using morphometric method and statistical analysis, the following parameters were measured and compared in individuals with T2D and those without carbohydrate metabolism disorders: distribution density of islets, average diameter of islets, relative area of β-cells, relative area of α-cells, percentage of islets containing vimentin-positive cells, average number of vimentin-positive cells per islet, percentage of vimentin-positive cells containing insulin, and percentage of vimentin-positive cells containing glucagon.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> Vimentin-positive cells, some of which simultaneously contained insulin or glucagon, were detected in the pancreatic islets of individuals with T2D and those without carbohydrate metabolism disorders. Quantitatively, all parameters reflecting the distribution of vimentin were increased in individuals with T2D. Along with this, the relative area of α-cells increased, and the β-cell to α-cell ratio decreased in individuals with T2D.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSIONS:</bold> An increase in the number of vimentin-positive cells in the pancreatic islets of individuals with T2D was associated with an increase in the relative area of α-cells. The activation of vimentin expression in islet cells was assumed to be related to the effect of hyperglycemia or other metabolic factors associated with diabetes and, probably, reflected the dedifferentiation and reprogramming processes of islet cells that are triggered in diabetes.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> При сахарном диабете 2-го типа (СД 2-го типа) в некоторых β- и α-клетках эндокринной части поджелудочной железы человека была выявлена экспрессия белка промежуточных филаментов — виментина. Предполагают, что при СД 2-го типа виментин может экспрессироваться в дифференцирующихся β-клетках в ходе возобновления их популяции. Согласно альтернативной гипотезе, экспрессия виментина наблюдается при дедифференцировке β-клеток и их перепрограммировании в α-клетки, что приводит к снижению массы β-клеток и развитию диабета. Однако взаимосвязь между появлением виментин-положительных эндокринных клеток и состоянием эндокринной части поджелудочной железы остаётся неясной.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> — сопоставить распределение виментина в панкреатических островках людей при СД 2-го типа и при отсутствии нарушений углеводного обмена с характеристиками эндокринной части поджелудочной железы.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Исследован аутопсийный материал поджелудочной железы 13 лиц, страдавших СД 2-го типа, и 9 лиц без нарушений углеводного обмена (группа сравнения). При помощи двойного иммунофлуоресцентного окрашивания на срезах поджелудочной железы одновременно выявляли виментин и гормоны эндокринных клеток (инсулин или глюкагон). При помощи морфометрических методов и статистического анализа у лиц с СД 2-го типа и без нарушений углеводного обмена сравнивали средний диаметр панкреатических островков; плотность распределения панкреатических островков; относительную площадь β- и α-клеток; процент панкреатических островков, содержащих виментин-положительные клетки; среднее число виментин-положительных клеток в островке; процент виментин-положительных клеток, содержащих инсулин; и процент виментин-положительных клеток, содержащих глюкагон.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Виментин-положительные клетки, в части которых содержатся инсулин или глюкагон, обнаружены в панкреатических островках людей как при СД 2-го типа, так и при отсутствии нарушений углеводного обмена. В ходе количественного анализа установлено, что у лиц, страдавших СД 2-го типа, все параметры, отражающие распределение виментина в панкреатических островках, были значимо выше, чем в группе сравнения. Наряду с этим в группе лиц с СД 2-го типа выявлено увеличение относительной площади α-клеток и изменение соотношения β- и α-клеток.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Нарастание количества виментин-положительных клеток в панкреатических островках при СД 2-го типа ассоциировано с нарастанием относительной площади α-клеток. Можно предположить, что активация экспрессии виментина в клетках панкреатических островков при СД 2-го типа связана с воздействием гипергликемии или других метаболических факторов, ассоциированных с диабетом и, вероятно, отражает процессы дедифференцировки и перепрограммирования эндокринных клеток, которые активируются при СД 2-го типа.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pancreas</kwd><kwd>pancreatic islets</kwd><kwd>type 2 diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>vimentin</kwd><kwd>insulin</kwd><kwd>glucagon</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>поджелудочная железа</kwd><kwd>панкреатические островки</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет 2-го типа</kwd><kwd>виментин</kwd><kwd>инсулин</kwd><kwd>глюкагон</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство РФ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>123053000048-6</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cole L, Anderson M, Antin PB, Limesand SW. 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