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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Morphology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Morphology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Морфология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1026-3543</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-2556</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">624206</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/morph.624206</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Letters to the editor</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Письма в редакцию</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Miscellaneous</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Tissue science and histology in the system of biomedical scientific and educational disciplines</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Наука о тканях гистология в системе медико-биологических научных и учебных дисциплин</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9299-0571</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6952-0466</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevlyuk</surname><given-names>Nikolaj N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевлюк</surname><given-names>Николай Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>k_histology@orgma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6786-5074</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7678-7721</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stadnikov</surname><given-names>Alexander A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стадников</surname><given-names>Александр Абрамович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>k_histology@orgma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Orenburg State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Оренбургский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-12-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-04-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>161</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-12-04"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-12-15"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-04-15"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/624206">https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/624206</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In this article, the authors analyze the role and significance of histology in biomedical scientific and educational disciplines (history, present condition, and controversial issues). This study discusses the formation and development of histology—the science of tissues—and the emergence of notions about tissues and tissue classification. When describing the microscopic structure of plant organs in 1671, the English botanist and physician N. Grew (1641–1712) used the term “tissue” for the first time. In the mid-19th century, German histologists R.A. Kölliker (1817–1905) and F. Leydig (1821–1908) established the present scientific classification of tissues. These authors classified tissues into four main groups: epithelium, connective tissue and blood, nervous tissue, and muscle tissue. Russian scientists A.A. Zavarzin and N.G. Khlopin made significant contributions to developing tissue classification and evolution problems. It is worth noting that the term “tissue,” which was initially interpreted as purely morphological, has gained physiological content; that is, the idea of “tissue” has become a morphofunctional concept. The idea of tissue stability during the ontogenesis stages of organisms is one of the significant paradigms of histology. Fabric variability is allowed within certain limits within the tissue group to which the fabric belongs. There is no compelling evidence of tissue transition from one tissue group to another. The first histology departments appeared in European higher educational institutions in the middle of the 19th century and Russian higher educational institutions in the late 1960s. As a scientific discipline, histology has not exhausted its capabilities; therefore, excluding histology from the nomenclature of scientific specialization is incorrect.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Проанализированы роль и значимость гистологии в системе медико-биологических научных и учебных дисциплин (история, современное состояние, дискуссионные вопросы). Освещены вопросы становления и развития гистологии — науки о тканях, показано формирование представлений о тканях, даны сведения о классификации тканей.</p> <p>Термин «ткань» впервые ввёл в научную лексику в 1671 году английский ботаник и врач Н. Грю при описании микроскопического строения органов растений. В 50-е годы XIX века немецкими гистологами Р.А. Кёлликером и Ф. Лейдигом были заложены основы нынешней научной классификации тканей. Эти авторы различали 4 основные группы тканей: эпителий, соединительная ткань и кровь, нервная ткань, мышечная ткань. Большой вклад в развитие проблем классификации и эволюции тканей внесли русские учёные А.А. Заварзин и Н.Г. Хлопин. Следует отметить, что термин «ткань», понимаемый вначале как чисто морфологический, получил и своё физиологическое содержание, т.е. понятие «ткань» стало морфофункциональным.</p> <p>Одной из ведущих парадигм гистологии является представление о стабильности тканей на этапах онтогенеза организмов. Изменчивость их допускается в определённых рамках, в пределах тканевой группы, к которой принадлежит ткань. Убедительных доказательств перехода ткани из одной тканевой группу в любые другие не существует.</p> <p>Первые кафедры гистологии возникли в европейских высших учебных заведениях в середине XIX века, а в высших учебных заведениях России — в конце 60-х годов XIX века. Гистология как научная дисциплина не исчерпала резерва своих возможностей, поэтому исключение гистологии из номенклатуры научных специальностей является некорректным.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>differentiation</kwd><kwd>evolution</kwd><kwd>histology</kwd><kwd>scientific specialty</kwd><kwd>stability and variability of tissues</kwd><kwd>tissue classification</kwd><kwd>tissues</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гистология</kwd><kwd>ткани</kwd><kwd>классификация тканей</kwd><kwd>эволюция</kwd><kwd>дифференцировка</kwd><kwd>стабильность и изменчивость тканей</kwd><kwd>научная специальность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Babij TP, Kohanova LL, Kostyuk GG, et al. Biologists: biographical directory. Kiev: Naukova Dumka; 1984. 815 p. 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