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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Morphology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Morphology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Морфология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1026-3543</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-2556</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">624714</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/morph.624714</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Characteristics of proliferation and apoptosis of hepatocytes after administration of ascorbic acid in a model of radiation hepatitis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Характеристика пролиферации и апоптоза гепатоцитов после введения аскорбиновой кислоты в модели лучевого гепатита</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8447-2600</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5157-0177</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Demyashkin</surname><given-names>Grigory A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демяшкин</surname><given-names>Григорий Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>dr.dga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8347-4556</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3830-8152</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Atyakshin</surname><given-names>Dmitry A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Атякшин</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>atyakshin-da@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2308-6313</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3572-7563</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakimenko</surname><given-names>Vladislav A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якименко</surname><given-names>Владислав Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>Yavladislav87@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7308-8450</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ugurchieva</surname><given-names>Dali I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Угурчиева</surname><given-names>Дали Ибрагимовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>daliyagurchieva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6235-1020</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9485-7722</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vadyukhin</surname><given-names>Matvey A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вадюхин</surname><given-names>Матвей Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vma20@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9557-4909</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abuev</surname><given-names>Alikhan A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абуев</surname><given-names>Алихан Арсланбекович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>abuevv_06@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Radiological Centre</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый МГМУ им. И. М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-03-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-07-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>161</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-12-16"><day>16</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-03-07"><day>07</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-07-15"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/624714">https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/624714</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> Radiation hepatitis with the development of radiation-induced acute liver failure is considered one of the most serious complications of radiotherapy for malignant neoplasms of the liver, abdominal organs, or whole body irradiation. However, the exact mechanisms of radiation-induced liver cell death have not been fully elucidated, and therefore the study of changes in the proliferative-apoptotic ratio in liver structures remains relevant, and pre-irradiation administration of ascorbic acid can potentially protect them from the effects of electron irradiation.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> Assessment of proliferation and apoptosis of hepatocytes after administration of ascorbic acid in a model of radiation hepatitis.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</bold> Wistar rats (Rattus Wistar; n=40) were divided into four experimental groups: I — control (n=10); II (n=10) — fractional irradiation with electrons in a total irradiation dose of 30 Gy; III (n=10) — administration of ascorbic acid before electron irradiation; IV (n=10) — administration of ascorbic acid. Animals of all groups were removed from the experiment a week after the last fraction. Morphological and immunohistochemical (with antibodies to Ki-67 and caspase-3) studies were carried out.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> A week after electron irradiation, a sharp decrease in the proportion of Ki-67-positive hepatocytes in combination with an increase in immunolabeling with antibodies to caspase-3 was observed in group II. During the administration of ascorbic acid in group III, less pronounced depth and range of liver damage was noted, confirmed by morphological and immunohistochemical methods (less pronounced decrease in the level of Ki-67 expression and an increase in the proportion of caspase-positive hepatocytes compared to the control) methods.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSIONS:</bold> An immunohistochemical study of proliferation and apoptosis of hepatocytes revealed that a week after fractional electron irradiation in total irradiation dose 30 Gy, there is a decrease in mitotic activity and an increase in cell death, and pre-irradiation administration of ascorbic acid helped level out the detected changes, which indicates its protective effect.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Лучевой гепатит с развитием радиационно-индуцированной острой печёночной недостаточности считается одним из грозных осложнений радиотерапии злокачественных новообразований печени, органов брюшной полости или при облучении всего тела. Однако точные механизмы радиационно-индуцированной гибели клеток печени окончательно не раскрыты, в связи с чем изучение изменений пролиферативно-апоптотического соотношения в структурах печени остаётся актуальным, а предлучевое введение аскорбиновой кислоты потенциально может защитить эти структуры от воздействия облучения электронами.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> — иммуногистохимическая оценка пролиферации и апоптоза гепатоцитов после введения аскорбиновой кислоты в модели лучевого гепатита.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Крыс породы Вистар (Rattus Wistar; <italic>n</italic>=40) разделили на четыре экспериментальные группы: I (<italic>n</italic>=10) — контрольная; II (<italic>n</italic>=10) — фракционное облучение электронами в суммарной очаговой дозе 30 Гр; III (<italic>n</italic>=10) — введение аскорбиновой кислоты перед облучением электронами; IV (<italic>n</italic>=10) — введение аскорбиновой кислоты без последующего облучения. Животных всех групп выводили из эксперимента через неделю после последней фракции. Проводили морфологическое и иммуногистохимическое (с антителами к Ki-67 и каспазе-3) исследования.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Через неделю после облучения электронами во II группе наблюдали резкое снижение доли Ki-67-позитивных гепатоцитов в сочетании с увеличением иммуномечения антителами к каспазе-3. На фоне введения аскорбиновой кислоты в III группе отмечали менее выраженные глубину и диапазон повреждений печени, подтверждённые морфологическими и иммуногистохимическими (менее выражены снижение уровня экспрессии Ki-67 и увеличение доли каспаза-позитивных гепатоцитов по сравнению с контролем) методиками.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> В результате иммуногистохимического исследования пролиферации и апоптоза гепатоцитов выявлено, что через неделю после фракционного облучения электронами в суммарной очаговой дозе 30 Гр происходит снижение митотической активности и увеличение числа погибших гепатоцитов, а предлучевое введение аскорбиновой кислоты способствует нивелированию обнаруженных изменений, что указывает на её протективный эффект.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hepatocytes</kwd><kwd>liver</kwd><kwd>acute radiation hepatitis</kwd><kwd>electron irradiation</kwd><kwd>apoptosis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>печень крыс</kwd><kwd>гепатоциты</kwd><kwd>острый лучевой гепатит</kwd><kwd>облучение электронами</kwd><kwd>апоптоз</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhu W, Zhang X, Yu M, et al. 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