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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Morphology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Morphology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Морфология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1026-3543</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-2556</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">626214</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/morph.626214</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Effect of a water-soluble form of dihydroquercetin on age-dependent LPS-induced gliovascular remodeling of the substantia nigra in rats</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние водорастворимой формы дигидрокверцетина на зависимое от возраста ЛПС-индуцированное глиоваскулярное ремоделирование чёрной субстанции мозга крыс</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3510-0337</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5364-8013</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alalykina</surname><given-names>Elena S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алалыкина</surname><given-names>Елена Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alena-immun@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8273-8348</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9300-2217</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeyeva</surname><given-names>Tatyana N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеева</surname><given-names>Татьяна Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>tnbio@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9019-6981</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5172-9152</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ananyan</surname><given-names>Michail А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ананян</surname><given-names>Михаил Арсенович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Engineering)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р техн. наук</p></bio><email>nanoindustry@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9959-689X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2347-2890</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chuchkov</surname><given-names>Victor M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чучков</surname><given-names>Виктор Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>vmchuchkov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5211-1832</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1476-3236</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeyev</surname><given-names>Valeriy G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеев</surname><given-names>Валерий Георгиевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>cellbio@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Udmurt State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Удмуртский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="kk"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="pt"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Udmurt State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Удмуртский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Advanced Technologies Ltd.</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «Продвинутые технологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Izhevsk State Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ижевская государственная медицинская академия</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-04-09" publication-format="electronic"><day>09</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-07-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>161</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>61</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-01-30"><day>30</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-03-26"><day>26</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-07-15"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/626214">https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/626214</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> Neuroinflammation is a key pathophysiological mechanism in age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease. Dihydroquercetin's water-soluble form (DHQ-WF) is considered a promising agent capable of inhibiting the neuroinflammatory process. Nevertheless, uncertainties persist regarding the cellular and molecular mechanisms governing its effects, taking into account nervous tissue's gliovascular organization.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> To study structural changes of microcirculatory vessels and functional responses of micro- and astroglial cells in the substantia nigra of young and old rats in response to intranigral injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and subsequent oral administration of DHQ-WF.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</bold> Young (250–320 g) and old (390–450 g) Wistar rats were injected into the substantia nigra using a stereotaxic device with 2 μL of LPS solution at a concentration of 0.01 μL/mL (experimental groups; n=24) or 2 μL of sterile saline (control groups; n=12). Half of the animals in the experimental groups (6 animals of each age group) received 2 ml of a solution containing DHQ-WF ("Taxifolin aqua"; Advanced Technologies Ltd., Russia) at a concentration of 3 mg/mL by gavage daily for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the animals were transcardially perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde, the brain was extracted and frozen on dry ice. Cryostat sections obtained on the cryotome were stained with FITC-labelled tomato lectin for the detection of vascular endothelium and antibodies against GFAP and CD-11β for the immunohistochemical detection of astrocytes and microglia, respectively. The length and number of vessels and their branches were counted using AngioTool software. The areas of glial cell bodies and their processes were measured using the morphometric software ImagePro Inside 8.0.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> 8 weeks after LPS administration into the substantia nigra (SN) of old rats, a significant excess of areas occupied by cell bodies and processes of microglial and astroglial cells, as well as the number of vessels on the standard plot, was found both in young animals that had experienced similar effects and in old control animals. Oral administration of DHQ-WF to rats significantly reduced LPS-induced glial activation in young and old animals. In addition, administration of DHQ-WF to old animals reduced the intensity of microvascular SN remodeling induced by LPS administration.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSIONS:</bold> Administration of LPS to the SN of rats of different ages causes neuroinflammation, which is maximally expressed in aged animals. In addition, LPS-induced microvessel angiogenesis is observed in aged animals. Administration of DHQ-WF for 8 weeks significantly reduces these LPS-induced changes, which allows us to consider it as a promising anti-neuroinflammatory agent.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Нейровоспаление является ключевым патофизиологическим механизмом возрастных нейродегенеративных заболеваний, таких как болезнь Паркинсона. Водорастворимая форма дигидрокверцетина (ДГК-ВФ) считается перспективным средством, способным ингибировать нейровоспалительный процесс. Остаются невыясненными вопросы о молекулярных и клеточных механизмах действия ДГК-ВФ на нейроглиоваскулярные единицы чёрной субстанции (ЧС), возрастные нарушения внутрисистемных связей в которых могут лежать в основе нейровоспалительных процессов и развития болезни Паркинсона.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> — изучить структурные изменения микроциркуляторного русла и функциональные реакции микро- и астроглиальных клеток в ЧС мозга молодых и старых крыс в ответ на введение в неё липополисахарида (ЛПС) и последующее пероральное введение ДГК-ВФ.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Молодым (массой тела 250–320 г) и старым (массой тела 390–450 г) крысам линии Вистар вводили в область ЧС мозга при помощи стереотаксической установки 2 мкл раствора ЛПС в концентрации 0,01 мкл/мл (экспериментальные группы; <italic>n</italic>=24) или 2 мкл стерильного физиологического раствора (контрольные группы; <italic>n</italic>=12). Половине животных экспериментальных групп (по 6 животных обоего возраста) ежедневно при помощи зонда перорально вводили 2 мл раствора, содержащего ДГК-ВФ («Таксифолин аква»; ООО «Продвинутые технологии», Россия) в концентрации 3 мг/мл. Через 8 нед животных транскардиально перфузировали 4% параформальдегидом, извлекали мозг и замораживали его с помощью сухого льда. Криостатные срезы окрашивали лектином томата, меченным ФИТЦ, для выявления эндотелия сосудов и антителами к GFAP и CD-11β для иммуногистохимического выявления соответственно астро- и микроглии. Подсчёт длины и числа сосудов, а также их бифуркаций выполняли при помощи компьютерной программы AngioTool. Измерение площадей глиальных клеточных тел и их отростков осуществляли с использованием морфометрической программы ImagePro Inside 8.0.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Через 8 нед после введения ЛПС в ЧС мозга старым крысам обнаружено значимое увеличение площадей, занимаемых клеточными телами и отростками микроглиальных и астроглиальных клеток, а также числа сосудов на стандартных площадках по сравнению как с молодыми животными, испытавшими аналогичное воздействие, так и с контрольными старыми животными. Пероральное введение крысам ДГК-ВФ снижало ЛПС-индуцированную глиальную активацию у молодых и старых животных. Приём старыми животными ДГК-ВФ снижал интенсивность ремоделирования микрососудистого русла ЧС, обусловленного введением ЛПС.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Введение ЛПС в ЧС мозга крысам разного возраста вызывает нейровоспаление, максимально выраженное у старых животных. У них же наблюдается ЛПС-индуцированный ангиогенез микрососудов. Приём ДГК-ВФ на протяжении 8 нед значительно снижает ЛПС-индуцированные изменения, что позволяет рассматривать его как перспективное противовоспалительное средство.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neuroinflammation</kwd><kwd>microglia</kwd><kwd>astroglia</kwd><kwd>microvasculature</kwd><kwd>ageing</kwd><kwd>water-soluble form of dihydroquercetin</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейровоспаление</kwd><kwd>микроглия</kwd><kwd>астроглия</kwd><kwd>микрососудистое русло</kwd><kwd>старение</kwd><kwd>дигидрокверцетин</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coleman C, Martin I. Unraveling Parkinson’s disease neurodegeneration: does aging hold the clues? J Parkinsons Dis. 2022;12(8):2321–2338. doi: 10.3233/JPD-223363</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coleman C., Martin I. 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