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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Morphology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Morphology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Морфология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1026-3543</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-2556</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">628591</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/morph.628591</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Technical reports</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Технические отчёты</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Secondary reagents for immunohistochemical research of rat brain</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вторичные реагенты для иммуногистохимического исследования головного мозга крысы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3997-2232</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8877-8902</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Razenkova</surname><given-names>Valeria A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Разенкова</surname><given-names>Валерия Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>valeriya.raz@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8434-0498</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>Valeria S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>Валерия Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>herondale.valery@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Experimental Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт экспериментальной медицины</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-04-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-07-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>161</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>96</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-03-04"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-04-09"><day>09</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-07-15"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/628591">https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/628591</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> The critical factor when working with immunohistochemistry in laboratory animals is to select appropriate secondary antibodies, that allow clear and specific visualization of tissue antigens. Many reliable secondary reagents are currently not available for purchase, which determines the high relevance of replacing them with other detection systems.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> To verify the effectiveness of available secondary reagents for immunohistochemical research of the rat brain.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</bold> Brain samples from Wistar (n=2) and SHR (n=2) were used for the study. Iba-1, GFAP and vimentin immunohistochemistry was carried out using various polymer-based detection systems, namely UltraVision Quanto Detection System HR, N-Histofine Simple Stain MAX PO and UnoVue Rabbit HRP.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> All three studied polymer systems demonstrated visualisation of target proteins in brain tissues and cells corresponding to the general understanding of structures containing Iba-1, GFAP and vimentin. The UnoVue Rabbit HRP and UltraVision Quanto Detection System HRP kits showed good and similarly specific immunohistochemical reaction. However, the UnoVue Rabbit HRP kit was less sensitive compared to the UltraVision Quanto Detection System HRP. The reaction with N-Histofine Simple Stain MAX PO was not optimal due to the presence of non-specific background staining that was not present with other reagents. Apparently, this is due to the focus of the kit on immunohistochemical staining of human tissue and the likely absence of an antibody purification with rat serum.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSIONS:</bold> Two secondary antibody kits from the three studied showed optimal efficiency of immunohistochemical reaction and minimal background staining. N-Histofine Simple Stain MAX PO is not suitable for immunohistochemical research of rat brain tissue.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Одним из ключевых факторов получения наглядных и верифицируемых результатов иммуногистохимического окрашивания при работе с тканями лабораторных животных является подбор надёжных вторичных реагентов, позволяющих чётко визуализировать изучаемые антигены в тканях и клетках. Многие зарекомендовавшие себя наборы вторичных антител в настоящее время недоступны к приобретению, что определяет актуальность поиска новых систем детекции для их замены.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> — проверка эффективности использования доступных вторичных реагентов для иммуногистохимического исследования головного мозга крысы.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Использовали образцы головного мозга крыс линий Вистар (<italic>n</italic>=2) и SHR (<italic>n</italic>=2). Иммуногистохимическое выявление белков Iba-1, GFAP и виментина проводили с применением различных систем детекции на основе биополимеров (UltraVision Quanto Detection System HRP, N-Histofine Simple Stain MAX PO и UnoVue Rabbit HRP).</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Все три исследуемых набора продемонстрировали выявление белков-мишеней в тканях и клетках головного мозга, соответствующих общим представлениям о структурах, которые должны содержать Iba-1, GFAP и виментин. Наборы вторичных реагентов UnoVue Rabbit HRP и UltraVision Quanto Detection System HRP показали удовлетворительные результаты при иммуногистохимической реакции и оказались сходными по степени специфичности. При этом набор UnoVue Rabbit HRP отличался меньшей чувствительностью по сравнению с UltraVision Quanto Detection System HRP. Специфичность реакции с применением N-Histofine Simple Stain MAX PO не является оптимальной в связи с наличием фона, отсутствующего при использовании других реагентов. По-видимому, это связано с направленностью набора на иммуногистохимическое окрашивание срезов тканей человека и вероятным отсутствием этапа очистки антител с применением крысиной сыворотки.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Два набора вторичных реагентов из трёх исследуемых отличаются оптимальной эффективностью при минимальном уровне фона. Реагент N-Histofine Simple Stain MAX PO для иммуногистохимического исследования срезов мозга крысы непригоден.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antibody specificity</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd><kwd>laboratory rats</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>специфичность антител</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd><kwd>крысы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство РФ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bordeaux J, Welsh A, Agarwal S, et al. Antibody validation. Biotechniques. 2010;48(3):197–209. 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