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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Morphology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Morphology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Морфология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1026-3543</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-2556</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">628983</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/morph.628983</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Changes in the lipid balance in the gastric mucosa in rats under acute stress</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Изменение липидного баланса в слизистой оболочке желудка у крыс при остром стрессе</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>急性应激状态下大鼠胃黏膜脂质平衡的变化</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9745-9739</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1726-3994</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasova</surname><given-names>Tatyana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Викторовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Tarasova</surname><given-names>Tatyana V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor</p></bio><email>9023060@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6831-3116</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2390-1111</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mosina</surname><given-names>Larisa M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мосина</surname><given-names>Лариса Михайловна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Mosina</surname><given-names>Larisa M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>larisamosina97@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5598-5033</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3358-5958</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasov</surname><given-names>Roman S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасов</surname><given-names>Роман Сергеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Tarasov</surname><given-names>Roman S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (History), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат ист. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (History), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>trs4334@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5318-2966</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8753-5294</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Esina</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Есина</surname><given-names>Марина Валентиновна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Esina</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>esina.marina.val@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5490-1037</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khaydar</surname><given-names>Dalila A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хайдар</surname><given-names>Далила Али</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Khaydar</surname><given-names>Dalila A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>dalila96-96@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3807-1352</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9089-7090</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuchuk</surname><given-names>Andrey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучук</surname><given-names>Андрей Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kuchuk</surname><given-names>Andrey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>kuchuk-av@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8729-3500</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khodzhaeva</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ходжаева</surname><given-names>Екатерина Анкишевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Khodzhaeva</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>1032211689@pfur.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский Мордовский государственный университет им. Н.П. Огарёва</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples' Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Peoples' Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-09-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-11-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>162</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>154</fpage><lpage>163</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-03-12"><day>12</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-09-03"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-11-10"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/628983">https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/628983</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> Stress gastric ulcers are a type of peptic ulcer that develops in response to severe physiological or psychological stress. The causes of stress ulcers in the gaster have not yet been fully studied.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIM</italic></bold><bold><italic>:</italic></bold> To evaluate the composition of lipids in the gastric mucosa in rats under acute stress.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS</italic></bold><bold><italic> </italic></bold><bold><italic>AND</italic></bold><bold><italic> </italic></bold><bold><italic>METHODS</italic></bold><bold><italic>:</italic></bold> All rats included in the study (<italic>n</italic>=30) were divided into two groups. Group 1 (main group, <italic>n</italic>=20) included animals with a model of stress gastric ulcer created by stimulation with electrical impulses for 12 h. Group 2 (control group, <italic>n</italic>=10) included animals with no manipulations. At the end of the experiment, the effective and total concentration in blood serum of all animals was measured, followed by the calculation of the albumin binding reserve, and the plasma toxicity index. We also visually assessed the degree of damage to the gastric mucosa and determined the lipid composition.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS</italic></bold><bold><italic>:</italic></bold> Our study showed that a stressful situation led to endogenous intoxication in group 1. A decrease in the level of phosphatidylcholine by 16.3% and phosphatidylserine by 18.6% in stressed rats demonstrates the destruction of the cell membrane associated with apoptosis, which macroscopically manifested as spot hemorrhages, erosions, and ulcers in the gastric mucosa. An increase in monoacylglycerol by 34.4% and diacylglycerol by 53.4% in group 1 indicates an increase in membrane permeability and induction of regenerative processes.</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSION</italic></bold><bold><italic>:</italic></bold> In a stressful situation, a decrease in both total and effective albumin concentrations contributes to endogenous intoxication, leading to lipid imbalance, cell membrane damage, and the development of acute gastric mucosal injury.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование</bold><bold>.</bold> Стрессовые язвы желудка представляют собой тип поражения его слизистой оболочки, которое развивается в ответ на сильный физиологический или психологический стресс. Однако по-прежнему недостаточно изучены одни из ключевых этиопатогенетических механизмов возникновения таких язв.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования </bold>— оценить состав липидов в слизистой оболочке желудка у крыс при остром стрессе.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Крыс, включённых в исследование (<italic>n</italic>=30), разделили на две группы. В группе 1 (основная, <italic>n</italic>=20) животным была создана модель стрессовой язвы желудка с помощью раздражения электрическими импульсами на протяжении 12 ч. В группе 2 (контрольная, <italic>n</italic>=10) никакие манипуляции не выполняли. По окончании эксперимента у всех животных в сыворотке крови определяли эффективную и общую концентрацию альбумина с последующим расчётом резерва его связывания и индекса токсичности плазмы. Кроме того, визуально оценивали степень повреждения слизистой оболочки желудка и определяли состав липидов в ней.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Наше исследование показало, что стрессовая ситуация привела к развитию эндогенной интоксикации у животных группы 1. Снижение концентрации фосфатидилхолина на 16,3% и фосфатидилсерина — на 18,6% у крыс, испытывающих стресс, демонстрирует разрушение мембраны клеток, что макроскопически проявляется в виде появления точечных кровоизлияний, эрозий и язв на слизистой оболочке желудка. Увеличение концентрации моноацилглицерола на 34,4% и диацилглицерола — на 53,4% у животных группы 1 свидетельствует о повышении проницаемости мембран и индукции регенеративных процессов.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Индуцированное стрессовой ситуацией состояние способствует снижению общей и эффективной концентрации альбумина. В результате развивается эндогенная интоксикация, которая приводит к нарушению баланса липидов и не исключает повреждения клеточных мембран. Кроме того, возникают острые повреждения слизистой оболочки желудка.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>论证。应激性溃疡是一种胃粘膜病变，是对严重的生理或心理压力的反应。然而，人们对这类溃疡的一些关键病因机制仍然知之甚少。</p> <p>本研究旨在评估急性应激状态下大鼠胃黏膜的脂质组成。</p> <p>材料和方法。参与研究的大鼠（n=30）分为两组。第 1 组（主要组，n=20）用电脉冲刺激动物 12 小时，制作应激性胃溃疡模型。第 2 组（对照组，n=10）未进行任何操作。实验结束后，测定所有动物血清中白蛋白的有效浓度和总浓度，然后计算其结合储备量和血浆毒性指数。此外，还目测了胃黏膜的损伤程度，并测定了其中的脂质成分。</p> <p>结果。我们的研究表明，应激情况导致第 1 组动物出现内源性中毒。应激大鼠的磷脂酰胆碱浓度降低了 16.3%，磷脂酰丝氨酸浓度降低了 18.6%，这表明细胞膜受到了破坏。宏观上表现为胃黏膜点状出血、糜烂和溃疡。第 1 组动物的单酰甘油浓度增加了 34.4%，二酰甘油浓度增加了 53.4%，这表明膜的渗透性增加并诱导了再生过程。</p> <p>结论。压力导致的状态有利于降低白蛋白的总浓度和有效浓度。因此，会出现内源性中毒，导致脂质失衡，并不排除对细胞膜的损害。此外，还会对胃黏膜造成急性损伤。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stress gastric ulcer</kwd><kwd>erosions</kwd><kwd>endogenous intoxication</kwd><kwd>phospholipids</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>стрессовая язва желудка</kwd><kwd>эрозии</kwd><kwd>эндогенная интоксикация</kwd><kwd>фосфолипиды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>应激性胃溃疡</kwd><kwd>糜烂</kwd><kwd>内源性中毒</kwd><kwd>磷脂</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saeed M, Bass S, Chaisson NF. 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