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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Morphology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Morphology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Морфология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1026-3543</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-2556</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">629184</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/morph.629184</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Immunohistochemical study of the nervous structures of the mediastinal organs</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нервные структуры органов средостения новорождённой крысы</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4859-6766</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2569-9148</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chumasov</surname><given-names>Evgenii I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чумасов</surname><given-names>Евгений Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>ua1ct@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0972-8658</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3973-1421</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>Elena S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Елена Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><email>iemmorphol@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Experimental Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт экспериментальной медицины</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет ветеринарной медицины</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-05-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>161</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>32</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-03-18"><day>18</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-04-16"><day>16</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2023,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-10-15"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/629184">https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/629184</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND: </bold>No studies have sufficiently evaluated the innervation of the mediastinal organs in the P1 period when the blood circulation switches from placental to pulmonary and the regulation of respiration and functioning of the cardiovascular system begin.</p> <p><bold>AIM: </bold>This study aimed to conduct a comparative immunohistochemical analysis of the innervation of the mediastinal organs of newborn rats.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS: </bold>Immunohistochemical methods were employed for identifying neuronal markers: PGP 9.5 protein, tyrosine hydroxylase, and synaptophysin. Primary antibodies were applied to mediastinal sections after they had been deparaffinized.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS: </bold>Analysis of frontal sections of the cardiopulmonary complex of rats at P1 showed that the bronchi, esophagus, great vessels (aorta and pulmonary artery trunks), veins (pulmonary and caval), adipose tissue, lymph nodes, lung fragments, and heart occupied the upper and middle sections of the mediastinum. Closely adjacent parasympathetic and sympathetic ganglia, microganglia, nerve trunks, and plexuses of nerve fibers were identified using neuronal markers in the interstitium between organs. In the upper and middle mediastinum of newborn rats, synaptic structures were identified in the ganglia and paraganglia, mixed lobules of adipose tissue, esophageal and bronchial wall, around small arteries and arterioles for the first time using immunohistochemical methods.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION: </bold>This comparative study revealed that in the early period of postnatal development of rats, the walls of the esophagus, trachea, and main bronchi are most innervated in the mediastinum; in the myocardium and lungs, these nervous apparatuses are typically rare or absent. A high concentration of synaptic structures in the conducting myocardium has been described.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Недостаточно изучена иннервация органов средостения в период новорождённости, когда происходит переключение процесса кровообращения с плацентарного на лёгочное и начинается становление регуляции дыхания и функционирования органов сердечно-сосудистой системы.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> — сравнительное иммуногистохимическое исследование особенностей иннервации органов средостения новорождённой крысы.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>Работа выполнена с применением иммуногистохимических методов выявления нейрональных маркёров: белка PGP 9.5, тирозингидроксилазы и синаптофизина. Первичные антитела наносились на срезы средостения после их депарафинирования.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Анализ фронтальных срезов через сердечно-лёгочный комплекс крыс в возрасте 1 сут постнатального развития показал, что в дорсальном и среднем отделах средостения компактно расположены бронхи, пищевод, магистральные сосуды (аорта, лёгочный ствол и лёгочные артерии), вены, жировая ткань, лимфатические узлы и собственно сердце. В интерстиции между органами с помощью нейрональных маркёров выявлены тесно прилежащие к ним ганглии, микроганглии, нервные стволики и сплетения парасимпатических и симпатических нервных волокон. В дорсальном и среднем отделах средостения впервые с помощью иммуногистохимических методов выявлены синаптические структуры в ганглиях, в стенке пищевода и бронхов, вокруг мелких артерий и артериол. Установлена высокая концентрация синаптических структур в синусно-предсердном узле сердца крысы.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> У новорождённых крыс в средостении наиболее иннервируемыми оказываются стенки пищевода, трахеи и главных бронхов. В миокарде желудочков сердца и в лёгких нервные аппараты, как правило, встречаются редко или отсутствуют. Описана высокая концентрация синаптических структур в проводящей системе сердца.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mediastinal organs</kwd><kwd>newborn rat</kwd><kwd>innervation</kwd><kwd>PGP 9.5 protein</kwd><kwd>tyrosine hydroxylase</kwd><kwd>synaptophysin</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>органы средостения</kwd><kwd>новорождённая крыса</kwd><kwd>иннервация</kwd><kwd>белок PGP 9.5</kwd><kwd>тирозингидроксилаза</kwd><kwd>синаптофизин</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Институт экспериментальной медицины»</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Experimental Medicine</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>122020300199-5</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shvalev VN, Sosunov AA, Guski G. 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