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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Morphology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Morphology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Морфология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1026-3543</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-2556</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">633205</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/morph.633205</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Application of silk proteins spidroin, fibroin, and sericin-based cream for reparative skin regeneration <italic>in vivo</italic></article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Применение крема на основе белков шёлка спидроина, фиброина и серицина для репаративной регенерации кожных покровов <italic>in vivo</italic></trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>基于蜘蛛丝蛋白、丝素蛋白和丝胶蛋白的乳膏在体内皮肤修复性再生中的应用</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8937</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4072-3845</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorochanu</surname><given-names>Irina</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорочану</surname><given-names>Ирина</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Sorochanu</surname><given-names>Irina</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>opeairina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2347-0123</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8210-8836</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Blitzine</surname><given-names>Kristina S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Блицын</surname><given-names>Кристина Сергеевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Blitzine</surname><given-names>Kristina S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kristina.blitsyn@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2413-3695</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2765-0230</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Daudi</surname><given-names>Dauddin I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дауди</surname><given-names>Дауддин Ильясович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Daudi</surname><given-names>Dauddin I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>d.daudi@patentcore.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2423-6544</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3779-4360</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhemkov</surname><given-names>Nikita I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жемков</surname><given-names>Никита Игоревич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Zhemkov</surname><given-names>Nikita I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>zhemkovni@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7964-1256</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8920-9532</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pechenina</surname><given-names>Alina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Печенина</surname><given-names>Алина Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Pechenina</surname><given-names>Alina  A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alina.kyzminap@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1596-3899</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrieva</surname><given-names>Maria A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитриева</surname><given-names>Мария Алексеевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Dmitrieva</surname><given-names>Maria A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>m_dmitrieva@scamt-itmo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4145-7160</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5964-9291</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grin</surname><given-names>Nikita A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гринь</surname><given-names>Никита Андреевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Grin</surname><given-names>Nikita A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nikita.grin.2014@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-3080</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5587-1360</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Asatryan</surname><given-names>Tatevik T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асатрян</surname><given-names>Татевик Тиграновна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Asatryan</surname><given-names>Tatevik T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>Tatevik.asatryan@szgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9599-3935</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5008-4677</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tatarkin</surname><given-names>Vladislav V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Татаркин</surname><given-names>Владислав Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Tatarkin</surname><given-names>Vladislav V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>vladislav.tatarkin@szgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2452-0321</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5903-0288</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Trunin</surname><given-names>Evgeniy M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трунин</surname><given-names>Евгений Михайлович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Trunin</surname><given-names>Evgeniy M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>evgeniy.trunin@szgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8389-3841</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2957-1687</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Deev</surname><given-names>Roman V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деев</surname><given-names>Роман Вадимович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Deev</surname><given-names>Roman V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>romdey@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет ИТМО</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Saint-Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Silkins LLC</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «Силкинс»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Silkins LLC</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Stavropol State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Stavropol State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Petrovsky National Research Centre Of Surgery</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный центр хирургии им. акад. Б.В. Петровского</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Petrovsky National Research Centre Of Surgery</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-01-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>162</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>402</fpage><lpage>414</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-06-04"><day>04</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-12-23"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-12-28"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/633205">https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/633205</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold><bold><italic> </italic></bold>Impaired reparative regeneration leads to insufficient extracellular matrix formation and the development of chronic wounds, necessitating a personalized therapeutic approach. In modern regenerative medicine, biopolymers such as silk proteins serve as the basis for wound dressings and drug delivery systems due to their unique properties. The biocompatibility, modulation of intracellular signaling pathways, and antibacterial activity of spidroin (spider silk protein), fibroin, and sericin (silkworm silk proteins) suggest their potential for wound healing applications.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> To evaluate the effects of a spidroin, fibroin, and sericin-based cream on skin regeneration in rats.</p> <p><bold>METHODS:</bold><bold><italic> </italic></bold>The study included 30 male rats, in which full-thickness excisional skin defects (20 mm in diameter) were created on the back. The animals were divided into three groups: the experimental group, which received daily applications of the test cream, and two control groups—one treated with 5% dexpanthenol and the other left to undergo natural wound healing. Planimetric and histomorphometric analyses, along with clinical blood tests, were performed to assess reparative regeneration and systemic reactive changes.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> The application of the test cream significantly accelerated wound healing, with complete skin restoration in the experimental group by day 14 compared to the untreated control group. Analysis of inflammatory activity showed moderate granulocytosis and signs of acute posthemorrhagic anemia without pronounced inflammatory alterations in blood parameters. Additionally, immune cell infiltration was lower in the experimental group than in the controls.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> The combination of spider silk proteins (spidroin) and silkworm silk proteins (fibroin and sericin) enhances cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation, promotes extracellular matrix formation, and exerts anti-inflammatory effects without immunogenic properties. These findings support the potential clinical use of this silk protein-based formulation as a therapeutic agent for treating wounds with pathological regeneration.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Нарушение процесса репаративной регенерации приводит к недостаточному формированию экстрацеллюлярного матрикса и возникновению хронических ран, которые требуют персонализированного терапевтического подхода. В современной регенеративной медицине в качестве основы перевязочных материалов и средств доставки лекарственных препаратов используют биополимеры, такие как белки шёлка, обладающие рядом уникальных свойств. Биологическая совместимость, влияние на внутриклеточные сигнальные пути и антибактериальная активность спидроина (белка паутины), фиброина и серицина (основы шёлка насекомых) обусловливают их возможное применение в качестве препаратов для заживления ран.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold><bold> </bold>— охарактеризовать влияние крема на основе раствора белков спидроина, фиброина и серицина шёлка на регенерацию кожи крыс.</p> <p><bold>Материалы</bold><bold> </bold><bold>и</bold><bold> </bold><bold>методы.</bold><bold> </bold>Объектом исследования послужили 30 самцов крыс, которым формировали полнослойные эксцизионные дефекты кожи на спине диаметром 20 мм с последующим разделением животных на три группы: опытную и две контрольные. Крысам опытной группы ежедневно проводили аппликацию исследуемого крема, крысам первой контрольной группы — 5% дексапантенола, у крыс второй контрольной группы раны заживали самостоятельно. Для исследования процесса репаративной регенерации и реактивных изменений в организме крыс проводили планиметрическое и гистоморфометрическое исследования, а также клинический анализ крови.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Аппликации исследуемого крема статистически значимо ускорили заживление раневого дефекта с полным восстановлением кожного покрова к 14-м сут. по сравнению с крысами, не подвергавшимися лечению. При оценке активности воспалительного процесса отмечено отсутствие выраженных изменений в клиническом анализе крови (умеренный гранулоцитоз и признаки острой постгеморрагической анемии) и снижение инфильтрации иммунными клетками по сравнению с контролем.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Комбинация белков паутины (спидроин) и шёлка насекомых (фиброин и серицин) усиливает миграцию, пролиферацию, дифференцировку клеток и стимулирует образование экстрацеллюлярного матрикса, а также оказывает противовоспалительный эффект, не обладая при этом иммуногенными свойствами. Изложенное делает возможным использование комбинации этих белков в качестве лекарственного препарата, в том числе в клинической практике лечения ран с патологической регенерацией.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>论证修复性再生过程的障碍会导致细胞外基质形成不足，从而引发慢性创面，这类伤口通常需要个体化的治疗策略。 在现代再生医学中，丝蛋白等生物高分子因其独特性质被广泛用于敷料基材及药物递送系统。蜘蛛丝蛋白（spidroin）、丝素蛋白（fibroin）和丝胶蛋白（sericin）具有良好的生物相容性，能够调节细胞内信号通路，并具有抗菌活性，因此被视为潜在的创面愈合治疗材料。</p> <p>目的。评估含有spidroin、fibroin和sericin混合丝蛋白溶液的乳膏对大鼠皮肤再生的影响。</p> <p>材料与方法。以30只雄性大鼠为研究对象，在其背部制备直径为20mm的全层皮肤切除缺损，并将其随机分为实验组和两个对照组。实验组每日外敷所研制的丝蛋白乳膏；第一对照组每日使用5%右泛醇（dexpanthenol）；第二对照组则不进行任何处理，自然愈合。通过创面面积测量、组织形态计量分析以及临床血液学检查，评估皮肤的修复过程及机体的反应性变化。</p> <p>结果。与自然愈合组相比，实验组使用丝蛋白乳膏可显著加快创面愈合速度，大鼠皮肤于第14天实现完全再生。炎症活动评估显示，血液学分析中未见明显异常（仅出现轻度粒细胞增多和急性失血性贫血表现），且免疫细胞浸润程度低于对照组。</p> <p>结论。蜘蛛丝蛋白（spidroin）与昆虫丝蛋白（fibroin和sericin）的组合可增强细胞的迁移、增殖与分化，促进细胞外基质的形成，并具有抗炎作用，同时不具有免疫原性。上述特性表明，该蛋白组合有望作为治疗病理性创面愈合障碍的药物，并具备临床应用潜力。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>skin regeneration</kwd><kwd>chronic wound</kwd><kwd>silk proteins</kwd><kwd>spidroin</kwd><kwd>fibroin</kwd><kwd>sericin</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>регенерация кожи</kwd><kwd>хроническая рана</kwd><kwd>белки шёлка</kwd><kwd>спидроин</kwd><kwd>фиброин</kwd><kwd>серицин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>皮肤再生</kwd><kwd>慢性创面</kwd><kwd>丝蛋白</kwd><kwd>蜘蛛丝蛋白</kwd><kwd>丝素蛋白</kwd><kwd>丝胶蛋白</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Sen CK. 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