MorphologyMorphologyМорфология1026-35432949-2556Eco-Vector64080610.17816/morph.640806ReviewsНаучные обзорыReview ArticleDevelopment of thoracic aortic aneurysm: the potential role of morphological features of functional zonesРазвитие аневризмы грудной аорты: возможная роль морфологических особенностей функциональных зон胸主动脉瘤的发展： 功能区形态特征可能发挥的作用https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0613-85568738-6986SuslovAndrey V.СусловАндрей ВладимировичSuslovAndrey V.
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

канд. мед. наук

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

dr_suslov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0730-347X5450-4704StrizhkovAlexey E.СтрижковАлексей ЕвгеньевичStrizhkovAlexey E.
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor

канд. мед. наук, доцент

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor

strizhkov@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2899-92024332-9045KirichenkoTatiana V.КириченкоТатьяна ВладимировнаKirichenkoTatiana V.
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

канд. мед. наук

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

t-gorchakova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1162-6055ChumachenkoPetr V.ЧумаченкоПетр ВалерьевичChumachenkoPetr V.
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

канд. мед. наук

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

chumach7234@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4689-79555120-5137KhasanovaZukhra B.ХасановаЗухра БиляловнаKhasanovaZukhra B.
Russian Federation
zukhra@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2501-72693991-1357PostnovAnton Yu.ПостновАнтон ЮвенальевичPostnovAnton Yu.
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)

д-р мед. наук

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)

anton-5@mail.ruNational Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named After Academician E.I. ChazovНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии им. академика Е.И. ЧазоваNational Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named After Academician E.I. ChazovThe Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. PirogovРоссийский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. ПироговаThe Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. PirogovThe First Sechenov Moscow State Medical UniversityПервый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. СеченоваThe First Sechenov Moscow State Medical UniversityThe Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. PirogovРоссийский научный центр хирургии им. акад. Б.В. ПетровскогоThe Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. PirogovPetrovsky National Research Centre of SurgeryРоссийский научный центр хирургии им. акад. Б.В. ПетровскогоPetrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery230120252812202416244644730211202428122024Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2024, Эко-ВекторCopyright ©; 2024,2024Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/640806

Aneurysm is the most common pathology affecting the aorta. Advances in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches have reduced the associated mortality rate to 21.7%. Aneurysm formation involves morphological and functional remodeling of the aortic wall, leading to altered biomechanical properties of the vessel. Along the aorta, distinct functional zones with a high density of sensory receptors have been identified. These receptor zones have a specific anatomical distribution, with most sensory receptors localized in the tunica media of aorta. The vascular wall within these zones undergoes changes in lumen diameter that differ from those observed in other regions of the aorta. The morphological characteristics of these receptor-rich segments determine the unique biomechanical behavior of the vessel. The receptor zones of the aorta topographically correspond to the regions most frequently affected by aneurysm formation.

Аневризма — наиболее распространённое заболевание аорты. Современные методы диагностики и лечения аневризмы позволили добиться снижения летальности до 21,7%. Аневризма характеризуется морфологическими и функциональными перестройками аорты, приводящими к изменению биомеханических свойств сосудистой стенки. На протяжении аорты выделяют функциональные зоны с высокой плотностью чувствительных рецепторов. Такие рецепторные зоны аорты имеют специфическую локализацию. Основная часть чувствительных рецепторов локализована в средней оболочке аорты. Сосудистая стенка в области рецепторных зон изменяет свой просвет несколько иначе, чем другие отделы аорты. Морфологические особенности сегментов аорты в областях скопления чувствительных рецепторов определяют специфические биомеханические свойства сосуда. Рецепторные зоны аорты топографически соответствуют участкам аорты, где чаще всего формируются аневризмы.

动脉瘤是最常见的主动脉疾病。现代动脉瘤的诊断与治疗手段使其死亡率降至21.7%。动脉瘤的形成伴随着主动脉在形态和功能上的重塑，导致血管壁生物力学特性的改变。沿主动脉分布着一些功能区，这些区域感受器密度较高，且具有特定的解剖定位。大部分感受器位于主动脉中膜层。在这些感受器区域，血管壁的扩张方式与主动脉其他部位有所不同。感受器密集区域的形态特征决定了该段主动脉的特异性生物力学属性。值得注意的是，这些区域在解剖上与主动脉瘤的常见发生部位高度一致。

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