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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Morphology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Morphology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Морфология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1026-3543</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-2556</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">680529</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/morph.680529</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">IKVAML</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Right atrium of the human heart: analysis of contemporary concepts of typical and variant anatomy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Правое предсердие сердца человека: анализ современных представлений о типовой и вариантной анатомии</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>人类心脏的右心房：对典型和变异解剖结构的现代概念分析</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8267-2895</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8618-2991</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Iakimov</surname><given-names>Andrei A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якимов</surname><given-names>Андрей Аркадьевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Iakimov</surname><given-names>Andrei A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>ayakimov07@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8242-9130</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shayuk</surname><given-names>Anton Ya.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаюк</surname><given-names>Антон Яковлевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Shayuk</surname><given-names>Anton Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>shayuk.a.ya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6681-7537</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2841-6740</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaponov</surname><given-names>Anton A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гапонов</surname><given-names>Антон Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Gaponov</surname><given-names>Anton A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gagaponov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9162-8780</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Korneva</surname><given-names>Anna M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корнева</surname><given-names>Анна Максимовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Korneva</surname><given-names>Anna M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>korneva2000122@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2973-3481</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7966-8133</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrieva</surname><given-names>Eugeniya G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитриева</surname><given-names>Евгения Германовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Dmitrieva</surname><given-names>Eugeniya G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>anmayak@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ural State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Ural State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Уральский федеральный университет им. первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-11-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>164</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>158</fpage><lpage>170</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-05-25"><day>25</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-07-21"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2026,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2029-03-23"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/680529">https://j-morphology.com/1026-3543/article/view/680529</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This review summarizes and systematizes published data on the normal (typical and variant) anatomy of the human right atrium.</p> <p>Most researchers agree that the right atrium consists of the sinus venarum cavarum, the atrial body, the right atrial appendage, and the vestibule of the tricuspid valve with the cavotricuspid isthmus. The dimensions and shape of the atrial body and appendage exhibit individual and typological variability; however, in the reviewed scientific sources, no data were found regarding the dependence of these parameters on sex or age. Various patterns of the internal surface features of the right atrial walls have been described, but existing classifications are largely based on subjective criteria, which reduces their accuracy and reproducibility. The true interatrial septum is represented only by the floor and the limbus of the fossa ovalis rather than the entire medial wall of the atrium. In 15%–35% of heart specimens from patients who died of noncardiac causes, an interatrial communication is present anterior to the fossa ovalis. A review of the scientific data showed that publications on the anatomy of the normal human right atrium are, for the most part, devoted to individual aspects of the structure of its parts and components, whereas comprehensive studies of the typological and variant anatomy of the walls and subdivisions of this cardiac chamber are few. Studies aimed at developing features of the normal structure of the right atrium, substantiated from the standpoint of morphometry and ontogeny and based on the methodology of evidence-based anatomy, are currently relevant.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В обзоре обобщены и систематизированы данные литературы о нормальной (типовой и вариантной) анатомии правого предсердия сердца человека.</p> <p>Большинство исследователей солидарны в том, что правое предсердие состоит из синуса полых вен, тела предсердия, правого ушка сердца и преддверия трикуспидального клапана с кавотрикуспидальным перешейком. Для размеров и формы тела и ушка характерна индивидуальная и типологическая изменчивость, данные о зависимости этих параметров от пола и возраста в изученной литературе не обнаружены. Описаны различные варианты внутреннего рельефа стенок правого предсердия, однако классификации этих вариантов основаны на субъективном подходе, что снижает их точность и воспроизводимость. Истинная межпредсердная перегородка представлена лишь дном и лимбом овальной ямки, но не всей медиальной стенкой предсердия. В 15–35% случаев на препаратах сердца пациентов, умерших от «несердечных» причин, спереди от овальной ямки имеется межпредсердное сообщение. Обзор литературы показал, что публикации об анатомии правого предсердия нормального сердца человека в большинстве своём посвящены отдельным аспектам строения его отделов и структур, тогда как комплексные исследования типологической и вариантной анатомии стенок и отделов этой камеры сердца единичны. Актуальны исследования, направленные на разработку признаков нормального строения правого предсердия, обоснованных с точки зрения морфометрии и онтогенеза, а также основанных на методологии доказательной анатомии.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>该综述总结并系统整理了有关人类心脏右心房正常（典型和变异）解剖结构的文献数据。</p> <p>大多数研究者认为，右心房由腔静脉窦、心房体、右心耳和三尖瓣前庭（包括腔三尖瓣峡部）组成。心房体和心耳的大小和形状具有个体差异和类型差异；在已查阅的文献中，未发现这些参数与性别和年龄关系的数据。右心房壁内面形态存在多种变异，但这些变异的分类基于主观方法，因此准确性和可重复性较低。真正的房间隔仅由卵圆窝的底部和边缘构成，而非整个心房内侧壁。在15%至35%的非心脏原因死亡患者的心脏标本中，卵圆窝前方存在房间隔通道/卵圆孔未闭。文献综述表明，关于正常人右心房解剖结构的文献主要集中于其各部分和结构的个别方面，而对该心腔壁和各部分的类型学和变异解剖结构的全面研究则较为罕见。目前的研究重点在于，如何从形态测量学和个体发育的角度，并基于循证解剖学方法，来阐明右心房正常结构的特征。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human anatomy</kwd><kwd>heart</kwd><kwd>atria</kwd><kwd>atrial appendages</kwd><kwd>interatrial septum</kwd><kwd>foramen ovale</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>анатомия человека</kwd><kwd>сердце</kwd><kwd>предсердия</kwd><kwd>ушки сердца</kwd><kwd>межпредсердная перегородка</kwd><kwd>овальное отверстие сердца</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>人体解剖学</kwd><kwd>心脏</kwd><kwd>心房</kwd><kwd>心耳</kwd><kwd>房间隔</kwd><kwd>卵圆孔</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Stepanchuk AP. 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