ARCHICORTEX AND PALEOCORTEX MORPHOGENESIS PECULIARITIES IN ALCOHOL INTOXICATION

Abstract

Full Text

Aim. The purpose of our study was a comparative hystomorphological characteristic of archicortex and paleocortex in alcohol intoxication. Material and Methods. The experiment was performed on white mongrel male rats, which were injected intraperitoneally with a 15% solution of ethyl alcohol at a dose of 2.25 g/kg. The object of the study were the СА1 hippocampal region and piriform zone of paleocortex, studied in 1 and 10 hours after exposure. Brain was fixed and stained using standard techniques. Results and Discussion. We identified that intraperitoneal administration of alcohol leads to typical nonspecific changes in archicortex and paleocortex, which are accompanied by the end of 1 hour by an increase in the number of normochromic nerve cells with chromatolysis, which indicates an evolving neuronodystrophy. The increase in pycnomorphic neurocytes and shade cells confirms the presence of necrobiotic processes and decreased functional activity of the hippocampus. In the pyriform zone there are also signs of neuronal dystrophy, however, according to the hypochromic type. Against the background of increased hypo- and hyperchromic forms of cellular destruction in СА1 by the 10th hour of alcohol intoxication, compensatory-adaptive changes have been observed, flowing on the type of hypochromic reparative regeneration, expressed in an increase in the volume of hypochromic neurons containing two nucleoli. Conclusions. The morphological equivalent of compensatory-adaptive changes in paleocortex is the presence of hyperchromic neurons without signs of dystrophy with an increase of body and nucleus in the volume. Such changes indicate the processes of regenerative hypertrophy, characterized by intracellular hyperplasia of organelles of neuroplasma and nucleus.