TOPOGRAPHY AND ANATOMY OF THE LYMPH NODES OF THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY IN THE INTERMEDIATE FETAL PERIOD OF HUMAN ONTOGENY

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Aim. Identify the patterns of the formation of topography and anatomy of the lymph nodes of the abdominal cavity in the intermediate fetal period of human ontogeny. Material and Methods. Torsos of 100 human fetuses of both sexes, aged 16 to 22 weeks, were used. Methods: macromicroscopic dissection; cuts to N. I. Pirogov; histotopographic; study of projection anatomy of the lymph nodes of the abdominal cavity; description of quantitative topography, variational-statistical analysis. Results and Discussion. The features of parietal and visceral lymph nodes of the abdominal cavity of the fetus at 16-22 weeks of ontogenesis are shown, variants and frequency of their occurrence are described. The character of changes in the holotopic projections of lymph nodes was first established, the dynamics of changes quantitatively described, the range of anatomical differences in skeletal projection was determined, and details of their relationships with surrounding structures were described. Conclusions. Obtained data on topography and anatomy of the lymph nodes of the abdominal cavity in the fetal period can serve as a basis for the analysis of monitoring of fetal development in later stages of ontogenesis. The suggested skeleototypic levels of the best visualization of the lymph nodes should be used in clinical practice as informative standards for the accurate verification of the findings. Information on quantitative holotopia and projection anatomy of the lymph nodes of the abdominal cavity allows optimizing the performance of diagnostic and therapeutic manipulations in deeply premature newborns and constitute the anatomical basis of developing fetal surgery.