NEW ANATOMICAL DATA ON RECTUM AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH BONE STRUCTURES IN FETUSES AT 1622 WEEKS OF DEVELOPMENT

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Background. Nursing of deeply premature neonates and progress of the intrauterine operations on the fetal pelvic organs dictate. Aim. To obtain new morphometric data on the rectum structure and its relationship with bones on the prenatal stage. Material and Methods. The present investigation was based on the study of the sectional material of 25 human fetuses both sexes of 16-22 weeks gestation from collection of Human Anatomy Department, OrSMU. It was used by maсromiсrosсopic preparation, the method of cuts according to N. I. Pirogov, histology method. Results and Discussion. The rectum is cylindrical in shape, without bends, its diameter increases from 2.66±0.5 to 4.56±0.8 mm during the studied period. The thickness of the rectal wall is 0.5±0.03 mm. At the level of pelvic inlet the distance from the rectum to lateral walls of the small pelvis cavity is 4.5±0.07 mm on the right and 5.1±0.07 mm on the left side. The distance from the rectum to anterior wall of the cavity is on average 7.2±0.07 mm, to posterior wall - 0.3±0.07 mm. At the level of pelvic outlet the rectum surrounded by perineal muscles is located in the center of the pelvic diaphragm of the perineum, the distance between the rectum and internal surface of the sciatic bones was 2.43±0.3 mm on the right side, 2.96±0.3 mm on the left. Conclusions. The detailed knowledge of the developmental anatomy of the rectum will help to the clinicians and fetal surgeons.