Evaluation of the toxicity of 4-chlorobenzoic acid as the basis of its hygienic rating

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Abstract

Introduction. One of the effective ways to ensure the chemical safety of workers is the hygienic rating of chemicals in the air of the working area.

Materials and methods. In order to ration, the toxicity indices of 4-chlorobenzoic acid (CBA) were studied. Experimental hygienic studies were conducted on outbred white rats and mice, rabbits and guinea pigs. The functional state of the organs of white rats was assessed on the base of a number of biochemical, physiological, hematological, and morphological indices. The indices of acute inhalation CBA toxicity were determined during the experiment in the seed chambers, the concentration of the substance was adjusted using the spectrophotometric method. Statistical processing of the data obtained was made by using the program “Statistics 10.0”.

Results. The average lethal dose of 4-chlorobenzoic acid when administered orally for mice of both sexes and female rats acconted for of 1.450, 1.100, and 4.300 mg/kg respectively. Mice were more sensitive to CBA, the coefficient of species differences is of 3.9. 4-Chlorobenzoic acid does not have a local irritant effect on the skin and does not have a skin-resorptive effect. Irritant effect on the mucous membranes of the eyes is poor. The ability to material accumulation in the body of CBA is moderate: the cumulation coefficient amounts to 4.7. The ability of a substance to cause allergic responses in the study was not detected. In the subacute experiment, it has a toxic effect mainly on the hepatorenal system. The threshold of acute inhalation action accounts for 50 mg/m3.

Conclusion. 4-Chlorobenzoic acid in terms of average lethal doses belongs to the group of moderately hazardous substances (III class of danger). A tentative safe level of exposure to CBA in the air of the working area is recommended at 1 mg/m3. Compliance with this standard will minimize the risk to the health of workers.

About the authors

Larisa G. Gorokhova

Research Institute for Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases; Novokuznetsk Institute (Branch Campus) of the Kemerovo State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: ponomarikova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0545-631X

MD, Ph.D., leading researcher of the Laboratory of molecular-genetic and experimental researches of the Research Institute for Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, Novokuznetsk, 654041, Russian Federation.

e-mail: ponomarikova@mail.ru

Russian Federation

N. N. Mikhailova

Research Institute for Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases; Novokuznetsk Institute (Branch Campus) of the Kemerovo State University

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1127-6980
Russian Federation

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