Epidemiological characteristics and hygienic assessment of factors for expanding the areas of pathogens of parasitic diseases on the territory of the Russian Federation

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Abstract

Introduction. The high level of trade, population migration, and changes in the infrastructure of economic activity in the regions created the prerequisites for the dispersal and adaptation of parasitic pathogens to new factors, including adverse environmental and climatic conditions of their circulation. For the first time on the example of the distribution of long-term average incidence rates among the four most common parasitic nosological forms, the etiological factor of which is the causative agents of different taxonomic groups, systematized by the type of their circulation in various environmental objects: ascariasis (soil), enterobiosis (household items), opisthorchiasis (fish, products processing), echinococcosis (soil, water, contact with sick animals, processed products of animal raw materials. At the same time, a high level of soil contamination resistance (42.1%), surface runoff (41.8%), surface water (42.5%), sewage sludge (35.1%) characterizes the resistance of the parasitic system to the effects of the existing anthropogenic press on the causative agents of helminth and protozoal infestations and indicates the maintenance of active circulation of pathogens in the environment.

Material and methods. The analysis of the average long-term level of parasitic morbidity and changes in the boundaries of the territorial distribution of parasitoses over the past 10 years (2009-2018) in 85 administrative units of the Russian Federation. The epidemiological development trend is determined by the methods of ranking the dynamic series of incidence with categorization by levels relative to the average Russian indices of parasitic incidence and calculation of the linear trend.

Results. The calculation data are plotted on the administrative-territorial map of Russia with the help of a GIS program (MapInfo Pro 16) with the allocation of SMPZ levels for each nosology - single, low, medium, high, super high.

Conclusion. Calculations of the development of linear trends of medium and low levels, as well as single cases of morbidity, were shown to allow differentiating the development trend of the epidemic process and draw prognostic conclusions.

About the authors

Kamalya Yu. Kuznetsova

Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Author for correspondence.
Email: kama.123@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2176-7852

MD, Ph.D., leading researcher оf the Laboratory of Microbiology and parasitology of the Centre for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia, Moscow, 119121, Russian Federation.

e-mail: kama.123@yandex.ru

Russian Federation

Maria A. Kuznetsova

Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8243-5902
Russian Federation

Ivan A. Abramov

Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7433-7728
Russian Federation

Mariya M. Aslanova

Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5282-3856
Russian Federation

Tamari R. Mania

Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6295-661X
Russian Federation

Vladimir P. Sergiev

Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1163-8419
Russian Federation

Yury A. Rakhmanin

Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2067-8014
Russian Federation

Roman V. Gorenkov

Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3483-7928
Russian Federation

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Copyright (c) 2024 Kuznetsova K.Y., Kuznetsova M.A., Abramov I.A., Aslanova M.M., Mania T.R., Sergiev V.P., Rakhmanin Y.A., Gorenkov R.V.


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