VARIANT ANATOMY OF THE CORONARY ARTERIES

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Aim. The study was designed to establish anatomical features of the heart arteries depending on the heart shape and type of the blood supply and to reveal the presence of inter- and intra-arterial coronary anastomoses. Material and Methods. Using cryoprepartion we examined 140 macro-preparations of the adult heart (aged 18-45 years) of both sexes. Results and Discussion. At the most common right-coronary type (51.4% of cases, p<0.05) of heart blood supply in 83.3% of cases the heart was of dolicho-ventricular shape and in 16.7% of mesoventricular shape (R=0.87); the degree of anastomoses development (both intra-and inter-systemic) was defined as the average. Myocardial bridges were detected in 43.1% of cases of the right-coronary type hearts. Most often (93.5%) of myocardial bridges were located above the anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary artery, and only in 6.5% of cases - over the right coronary artery (p<0.05). At the left-coronary type of blood supply (25.7% of cases) all hearts were brachio-ventricular shape (R=0.87), the degree of anastomoses development was defined as low and myocardial bridges were less common (p<0.05) than in other types (13.9% of cases) and in all cases were located above the anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary artery. Conclusions. The study of the variant anatomy of the coronary arteries is of a great interest because it influences outcomes of the cardiovascular diseases prophylaxis and treatment.