Changes in the lipid balance in the gastric mucosa in rats under acute stress

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Stress gastric ulcers are a type of peptic ulcer that develops in response to severe physiological or psychological stress. The causes of stress ulcers in the gaster have not yet been fully studied.

AIM: To evaluate the composition of lipids in the gastric mucosa in rats under acute stress.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: All rats included in the study (n=30) were divided into two groups. Group 1 (main group, n=20) included animals with a model of stress gastric ulcer created by stimulation with electrical impulses for 12 h. Group 2 (control group, n=10) included animals with no manipulations. At the end of the experiment, the effective and total concentration in blood serum of all animals was measured, followed by the calculation of the albumin binding reserve, and the plasma toxicity index. We also visually assessed the degree of damage to the gastric mucosa and determined the lipid composition.

RESULTS: Our study showed that a stressful situation led to endogenous intoxication in group 1. A decrease in the level of phosphatidylcholine by 16.3% and phosphatidylserine by 18.6% in stressed rats demonstrates the destruction of the cell membrane associated with apoptosis, which macroscopically manifested as spot hemorrhages, erosions, and ulcers in the gastric mucosa. An increase in monoacylglycerol by 34.4% and diacylglycerol by 53.4% in group 1 indicates an increase in membrane permeability and induction of regenerative processes.

CONCLUSION: In a stressful situation, a decrease in both total and effective albumin concentrations contributes to endogenous intoxication, leading to lipid imbalance, cell membrane damage, and the development of acute gastric mucosal injury.

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About the authors

Tatyana V. Tarasova

National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University

Email: 9023060@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9745-9739
SPIN-code: 1726-3994

Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor

Russian Federation, 68 Bol'shevistskaja street, 430005 Saransk

Larisa M. Mosina

National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University

Email: larisamosina97@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6831-3116
SPIN-code: 2390-1111

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

Russian Federation, 68 Bol'shevistskaja street, 430005 Saransk

Roman S. Tarasov

National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University

Email: trs4334@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5598-5033
SPIN-code: 3358-5958

Cand. Sci. (History), Assistant Professor

Russian Federation, 68 Bol'shevistskaja street, 430005 Saransk

Marina V. Esina

National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University

Email: esina.marina.val@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5318-2966
SPIN-code: 8753-5294

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor

Russian Federation, 68 Bol'shevistskaja street, 430005 Saransk

Dalila A. Khaydar

Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

Email: dalila96-96@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5490-1037

MD

Russian Federation, Moscow

Andrey V. Kuchuk

Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

Email: kuchuk-av@rudn.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3807-1352
SPIN-code: 9089-7090

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

Russian Federation, Moscow

Ekaterina A. Khodzhaeva

Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

Author for correspondence.
Email: 1032211689@pfur.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0004-8729-3500

MD

Russian Federation, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Distribution of the number of destructive lesions of the gastric mucosa in animals after stress.

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3. Fig. 2. The values of the Pauls index depending on the type of lesion of the gastric mucosa.

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4. Fig. 3. Indicators of endogenous intoxication in blood plasma in animals of both groups; * p <0.05 when comparing the indicators of groups 1 and 2.

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5. Fig. 4. Lipid concentration (mg/ml) in the stomach wall in animals of groups 1 and 2; * p <0.05 when comparing the indicators of groups 1 and 2.

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