人体甲状腺上动脉标志性解剖学的新数据

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论证。关于甲状腺血管床的解剖描述，不仅在古典医学文献中，而且在现代研究中都有广泛介绍。但是作者注意到甲状腺上动脉口相对于颈总动脉分叉的位置存在差异。同时还没有统一的方法来确定颈总动脉分叉区的线性尺寸。因此，确定甲状腺上动脉口相对于各种解剖标志的位置。无论是对于形态学家，还是临床医生来说都具有重大意义。

目的 — 确定甲状腺上动脉开口位置变化相对于颈总动脉分叉、甲状软骨上缘和甲状腺叶上缘作为标志的关系。

材料和方法。这项工作是根据作者开发的独创方法，从没有明显甲状腺病理的个体尸检时采集的36个颈部器官复合体。对器官复合体进行解剖，向动脉盆部注射彩色明胶物质，然后固定制剂。使用5毫米间距的叠加网格分析载玻片照片。

结果。结果表明，右侧颈总动脉分叉处的上缘常位于甲状软骨上缘的水平，而左侧则位于其下方。同时两侧均位于相应甲状腺叶上缘上方。甲状腺上动脉口常位于两侧颈总动脉的分叉处。发现右侧甲状腺上动脉口的位置与分叉上缘相对于甲状软骨上缘的水平之间存在中等强度的直接关系（Rs=0.402，p＜0.05）。同样确定右侧甲状腺上动脉口的位置相对于甲状腺叶上缘和动脉长度之间存在高强度的直接关系（Rs=0.826，p＜0.05）。

结论。本研究的结果证实，有关甲状腺上动脉位置可变性的文献数据。根据获得的数据，我们可以得出这样的结论，在外科干预时使用易于判别的标志来证实甲状腺上动脉口的位置是合理的。

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作者简介

Nikita A. Chugunov

Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: nichygynov2013@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-3974-3792
SPIN 代码: 3088-5077
俄罗斯联邦, Ryazan

Artem V. Pavlov

Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov

Email: av.pavlov-rzgmu@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8224-824X
SPIN 代码: 4227-7508

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Ryazan

Ilya B. Glukhovets

Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov; City Clinical Emergency Hospital

Email: gluhoveci@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1435-4865
SPIN 代码: 5261-5174

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Ryazan; Ryazan

Dmitry Yu. Prokofiev

City Clinical Emergency Hospital

Email: patolog.prokofev@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-6780-7162
SPIN 代码: 3011-0939
俄罗斯联邦, Ryazan

Vitaly V. Sychev

Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov

Email: vitaliy.sychev.84@bk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7185-1561
SPIN 代码: 1371-8148

MD, Cand. Sci. (Biology)

俄罗斯联邦, Ryazan

Artem I. Vvedensky

Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov

Email: ai_vvedenskiy@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7880-1164
SPIN 代码: 3709-6109

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

俄罗斯联邦, Ryazan

Alina S. Zvereva

Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov

Email: aszvereva@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0002-0811-0143
俄罗斯联邦, Ryazan

参考

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  5. Sharma N, Pandit R, Neupane B, et al. Right External Carotid Artery Originated Right Superior Thyroid Artery in Cadavers of a Medical College in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. Journal of Nepal Medical Association. 2021;59(241):906–909. doi: 10.31729/jnma.6419
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  11. Patent RUS №2802389/ 28.08.2023 Byul. №25. Pavlov AV, Pronin NA, Lazutina GS, et al. Method of sampling the complex “Thyroid gland with the main and extraorganic vessels” during autopsy. Available from: https://www1.fips.ru/ofpstorage/Doc/IZPM/RUNWC1/000/000/002/802/389/%D0%98%D0%97-02802389-00001/document.pdf (In Russ.) EDN: SMWXYI
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2. Fig. 1. Photograph of neck organ complex preparation with trunk and extraorgan vessels: a — unfixed preparation with thyroid vessels injected with mass of stained gelatin; b — fixed preparation with a grid of coordinates (grid spacing 5 mm); 1 — aperture of the superior thyroid artery; 2 — upper margin of the thyroid cartilage; 3 — upper margin of the common carotid artery bifurcation; 4 — upper margin of the thyroid lobe

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