Vol 137, No 1 (2010)

BHK-21 cells were incubated in a medium containing dopamine (DA) and then their catecholamine content evaluated by using the Falck cytochemical method. The significant intensification of cell fluorescence as compared to that one in control preparations was detected; this effect was proportional to DA concentration and exposure duration and was more pronounced in cells in suspension than in those attached to the substrate. Simultaneous ultrastructural investigation has shown that an increased intensity of the cytoplasm fluorescence correlated with the appearance of the dense network of fibrils that were morphologically identified as F-actin microfilaments. Prior blockade of dopaminergic receptors by haloperidol did not change the following DA effect both on the fluorescence intensity and cell ultrastructure. The data obtained suggest that DA chronically acting on the living cells was able to penetrate into the cytoplasm, causing actin polymerization and incorporating into the newly formed actin cytoskeleton. Structurally, this may be manifested by cytoskeleton and its derivative hypertrophy, that could have a substantial effect on general morphology of the cell.

Relative number of the corticothalamic efferents after local coagulation of the parietal cortex areas 5 and 7 was studied. It was shown that areas 5 and 7 were maximally represented in the thalamic reticular, parafascicular nuclei and zona incerta. The number

The aim of this study was to establish the origins of development and to examine the structure of the intraventricular formations of the human heart during the intrauterine development. In the study of the serial sections of 57 human embryos of 6-70 mm parietococcygeal length, no subdivision of ventricular myocardium on external, middle and inner layers was detected. This means that not only the carneal trabecules but also the papillary muscles are formed by the bundles of cardiomyocytes originating from the whole thickness of the myocardium. The multilevel pattern of trabecular network of cardiac ventricles at the early stages of embryogenesis is described. It is suggested that the orientation of the carneal trabecules within the trabecular network is associated with the structure of the cardiac tube, which gives rise to the heart during development.

The purpose of the present investigation was to study the morpho-physiology of the red bone marrow of the lake frog (Rana ridibunda, Pall., 1771) and the nimble lizard (Lacerta agilis, Linnaeus, 1758) and also to detect the peculiar features of the generations of formed cellular elements in these animals. The research was conducted on sexually mature female frogs and lizards (30 animals of each species). The bone marrow of the investigated animals was taken for the analysis from the tubular limb bones and studied using physiological (hematological) and histological methods. The basic features of localization and structure of hemopoietic tissue were identified. For both groups of animals, blood cells of all types were formed in the red bone marrow, and, in both frogs and lizards, the greatest part of the forming cells belonged to erythrocytes. The second place quantitatively was occupied by the granulocytopoietic cells, and the third one - by agranulocytopoietic cells. Thrombocytopoietic cells were found in the least quantities, but their percentages were slightly different in the two species studied.

Pacific salmon fry were collected in 2001-2002 in the rivers of Southern Sakhalin on the way of their migration to the sea. The comparison of the data on ionic content of chum salmon fry carcass, received in 2002, with those obtained in 2001, has shown that the dispersion of ion concentration values in 2002 samples was significantly smaller than in 2001.Similar results were obtained when the mass of smolts was compared. The significant decrease of Na+ concentration in chum salmon fry during migration to the sea supports the idea on an imperative stimulus formation by means of change of Na+ concentration in migrating fish. The analysis of gill chloride cell (CC) structure in chum salmon and masu salmon fry in fresh and salty water has shown, that in fishes from fresh water CC were located mainly in primary lamellae, at the basis of secondary lamellae. As a rule, CC are large, have a large nucleus with an active chromatin and a light cytoplasm with numerous elongated mitochondria containing dense matrix. Secondary lamellae are short, 1-3 cells thick and practically contain no CC. In some fishes secondary lamellae were more numerous and longer. Some part of secondary lamellae contained large CC; in this place their width was approximately 2 times greater. As a whole, CC number in these fishes was increased. Analyzing all the material received during 2 years, with respect to CC cell structure and functions, a conclusion was drawn that freshwater fry of two salmon species, both chum salmon and masu salmon, caught at the same time and practically in the same reservoirs, could be divided into 3 groups. Masu salmon underyearlings are characterized, as a rule, by a thickened secondary lamellae epithelium, which, however contained few CC. In the chum salmon smolts, on the contrary, epithelium was thin, but contained numerous CC, which demonstrate active structure in the beginning of migration to the sea. But as they approached the sea (and migration duration increased), CC activity fell, though their number remained unchanged. It was only after fish transition to the sea, that CC activity grew again, though their number remained the same.

The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate body proportionality in 417 men and 642 women of the different age groups: juvenile, I and II periods of mature age, and elderly age, living in the city of Krasnoyarsk. Anthropometric studies were conducted with the determination of longitudinal and width dimensions of the body. The significant differences between the proportionality parameters were detected in men. Young men were tall, had narrow shoulders and pelvis, their trunk had rectangular shape. Hands were proportional to the body length, the torso and legs were elongated. Mature and aged men were of medium height, had wide pelvis and trapezoid-shaped trunk. Both torso and legs were proportional to to the body length. No statistically significant differences between the parameters, defining the body proportions, were found in the women of different age groups. The correlation coefficients were determined between the body length and the parameters characterizing longitudinal and transverse sizes of the body of the individuals examined.

A new method for fixation of biological material is described, and its effectiveness is compared to that one of formalin fixation. As an embalming agent, polyhexamethylenguanidine (PHMG) hydrochloride was used. Using the proposed method of fixation, the anatomical and histological preparations of human organs and of chick embryos at developmental 12 days, were produced. The anatomical preparations obtained show the appearance, similar to that of the recently removed organs. Histological preparations were free from significant distortions of the microscopic characteristics of the specimens, which are typical to the material fixed with formalin. The results of the study suggest the possibility of PHMG application in the morphological studies.