Vol 150, No 6 (2016)

The study was performed on Sprague Dawley male rats, which were divided into 3 groups (6 animals in each). The 1st group consisted of intact animals; the 2nd group - of animals treated with the preparation basis (zinc paste); the 3rd group included the animals that received the application of a third fraction of Dorogov’s antiseptic-stimulator (DAS) on their dorsal skin. The study of c-Fos positive neurons in different regions of the brain and the registration of behavioral reactions showed the activation of neurons in the cingulate, motor, piriform cortex and striatum, as well as the increase in motor and ultrasonic activity. It has also demonstrated the correlation of behavioral reactions with the neuronal activation in the brain regions studied. The results suggest a co-regulation of the behavior by many brain structures and indicate the presence of DAS neurotrophic effect.

Lipofuscin is a recognized intracellular marker of aging. The purpose of this study was to establish the topographic pattern of distribution of lipofuscin granule clusters in the cerebellar cortex. With the use of fluorescence microscopy The pigment was demonstrated due to its property of autofluorescence, in the sections of human cerebellar cortex (n=25, age 20-89 years). The analysis of preparations showed the presence of lipofuscin granules, predominantly with yellow-green autofluorescence, in different layers of the cerebellar cortex. A tendency of these granules to increase in number and sizes with age was detected. Lipofuscin was found to accumulate in the layers of cerebellar cortex unevenly. Most pronounced lipofuscin clusters were seen in the Purkinje cells, where a shift of its intracellular localization from perinuclear to the site of the processes’ origin was observed.

The aim of the study was to define the regularities of the structure of the coronary arterial bed of the human heart depending on the phases of cardiac cycle. 161 coronary angiograms of the patients without any evidence of pathological changes in coronary arteries were analyzed. Patients of both sexes aged 36 to 74 years were examined using X-ray surgical equipment with digital image recording. It was found that the diameter of the main trunk and the angles between first order branches in the system of right coronary artery (RCA) and left coronary artery (LCA) changed depending on the phases of cardiac cycle. The lumen diameter of the main trunk of RCA and LCA in diastole was found to increase in comparison with that in systole in 28.0 and 34.2% of cases respectively, to decrease in 36.0 and 33.5% of cases and not to change in 36.0 and 32.0% respectively. With increasing age, diameters of RCA and LCA decreased in men and increased in women both during ventricular systole and diastole. In addition, with increasing age both in men and in women the difference between the diameters of the LKA in systole and diastole decreased, which is an indirect indicator of the reduction of elasticity of the vascular wall. The angle between the first order vessels in the systems of RCA and LCA increased in diastole as compared to that in systole in 56.5 and 69.6% of cases respectively and decreased in 37.9 and 30.4% of cases. The angle between the branches of RCA did not change in 5.6% of cases. Patterns of organization of the coronary arterial bed of the heart are considered to be the basis for objective assessment of coronary hemodynamics with the use of hydrodynamic laws in relation to the phases of the cardiac cycle.

200 computer tomograms of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses and 100 documented macerated male skulls cut in sagittal plane were morphometrically investigated. A new index of the nasal cavity configuration characterizing the ratio of the nasal cavity width to its height was proposed. The index calculation was done in the coronal plane transversing ethmoid appendages of inferior nasal turbinates. According to the nasal cavity configuration index, all the samples studied were divided into several groups: leptocavital - up to 49.9, mesocavital - from 50.0 to 56.5 and platycavital - over 56.6. Type-specific peculiarities of intranasal structures in relation to the nasal cavity form were described. With an increase of nasal cavity configuration index, there was an increase in the width of common nasal meatus in its anterior part, of the thickness of the anterior end of the middle nasal turbinate, and the decrease in the width of middle nasal meatus and the height of the nasal cavity in its anterior part. The indicated specific peculiarities of the nasal cavity anatomy can influence the aerodynamics of the nasal cavity and of the paranasal sinuses.

The effect of bone marrow autotransplantation on neuroamine exchange in appendix structures was studied in the time aspect in female mice (n=90) with the use of histological, histochemical and morphometric methods. The study showed that 40 minutes after bone marrow autotransplantation the number of cells producing biogenic amines increased, and 2 hours later the content of neuroamines in them rose simultaneously with the increase in lymphocyte mitotic activity in lymphoid nodules germinal centers. Formation of new germinal centers surrounded by granular luminescent and mast cells was noted.

In the experiment on 116 male rats using histological, morphometric and histochemical methods the parotid gland was studied 3 and 6 months after a single oral administration of an aqueous solution of depleted uranium oxides in the dose of 0,1 mg per 100 g of body weight. Histological and morphometric study at the time intervals examined have shown an increase in the area occupied by the interlobular stroma in sections of the gland as compared to the values in control animals, with a corresponding decrease in the area of the parenchyma of the organ. According to the histochemical studies, the activity of lactate and succinate dehydrogenase was increased in the serocytes of the secretory portions. In the excretory ducts no significant changes in the activity of dehydrogenases occurred, however, there was a significant increase in the area of striated excretory ducts. The population of mast cells in the interlobular stroma was significantly increased after 3 months and decreased after 6 months, simultaneously the changes of the ratios of their various forms was observed.